刘为坤 律海涛 鲁梦梦 李文博

摘 要：将作为中华传统文化子文化形态的传统武术纳入到费孝通文化思想分析框架之中，不仅可深度诠释传统武术的文化目标、文化本质及文化归宿，亦可拓展传统武术文化研究理论的空间向度。研究认为：（1）以费孝通先生所主张的文化功能主义观之，传统武术的文化目标可归结为对“志在健民”文化价值的永恒实践与追求;（2）以费孝通先生“格局差序”思想中的文化差异观视之，传统武术的文化本质是迥异于现代体育“游戏”本质的东方生存实践之“术”;（3）以费孝通先生秉持的“文化自觉”思想观之，传统武术文化的现代归宿在于实现与传统社会结构关系的“解构”，及与现代社会结构关系的“重构”，并完成对自身内部各要素关系的现代性调适。

关键词：传统武术;文化思想;费孝通;文化目标;文化本质;文化归宿

中图分类号：G80-054 文献标识码：A文章编号：1006-2076（2021）01-0087-07

Abstract：The inclusion of traditional martial arts as a sub-cultural form of traditional Chinese culture into the cultural analysis framework of Fei Xiaotong can not only deeply explain the cultural objectives， cultural essence and cultural destination of traditional martial arts， but also expand the spatial dimension of traditional martial arts cultural research theory. It believes that according to the cultural functionalism advocated by Fei， the cultural goal of traditional martial arts is the eternal practice and pursuit of peoples health. According to the cultural difference in Fei's thought of pattern difference， the cultural essence of traditional martial arts is the art of eastern survival practice，which is different from the game essence of modern sports.According to Fei's concept of cultural

consciousness，the modern destination of traditional martial arts culture lies in the realization of deconstruction

of the relationship with traditional social structure， reconstruction of the relationship with modern social

structure， and the completion of the modernity adjustment of the relationship between its internal elements.

Key words： traditional martial arts; cultural thoughts;Fei Xiaotong;cultural objectives;cultural destination

费孝通先生是我国社会学、文化学、民族学等领域的思想巨擘，总结其一生的思想脉络可清晰地发现，先生终身以找寻中国文化的现代出路为己任——“为中国文化寻找出路”[1]。故此，以费孝通先生文化思想为理论基础，拓展对传统武术现代化转型议题的认知，无疑具备坚实的理论“合法性”。纵览费孝通先生的文化思想脉络可清晰地发现其“文化功能分析范式特征明显”[2]，“志在富民”“格局差序”及“文化自觉”是贯穿其文化思想的三条核心逻辑主线[3]。显然，该逻辑主线在考察传统武术文化的文化目标、文化本质及文化归宿三个维度上具有极强的本土社会学意义的理论适用性。……