自发秩序:社群的理论定位及其出版应用再考察
2021-05-28陈洁蒋三军
陈洁 蒋三军
[摘 要] 社群出版作为一种出版新业态,在研究中处于实践探讨多、社会学理论研究缺乏的现状。从社群的社会学意义来看,社群并非一种具有统一的强大组织力的社会组织,亦非一种内部以斗争力量为主的场域,而是一种介于组织和场域之间的自发秩序,社群内具有隐蓄的同趋群体力量。从自发秩序视角出发,可以看到社群具有同趋性、多样性、变迁性等特点。出版机构要按照社群的特点发挥好其在出版生产链中的作用。作为出版活动主体的出版机构,要加强对社群发现能力的建设; 内容编创方面,发挥好社群的智慧潜力;在发行渠道方面,要注意与社群渠道的融合;在效果方面,要注重对社群旨趣变迁的认识和把握。
[关键词] 自发秩序 社群 出版应用 生产链 用户创造
[中图分类号] G231[文献标识码] A[文章编号] 1009-5853 (2021) 02-0049-07
Spontaneous Order: the Theoretical Orientation of Community and Rediscovery of its Application in Publishing
Chen Jie Jiang Sanjun
(School of Humanities, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058)
[Abstract] As a new publishing format, the research on community publishing attracts many practical based discussions, however, rather limited from the perspective of sociological theories. From the perspective of sociological signifieance, community is neither a type of social organization with a unified and powerful organizational power, nor a type of field dominated by internal forces of struggles. Community is a type of Spontaneous Order between the organization and the field , with implicit group power. From the perspective of Spontaneous Order, community has the characteristics of convergence, diversity and variance. Publishing organizations should make use of community in the whole publication production chain according to its characteristics. As the main body of publishing activities, publishing organizations should strengthen the construction of community insight ability; in terms of content creation, should utilize the wisdom of the communities; in terms of distribution channels, pay attention to combine the distribution channels with the communities; in terms of effect, pay attention to the recognition and grasping of the changes of community interests.
[Key words] Spontaneous order Community Publishing application Production chain Users generating
在互聯网时代,社群这一社会学的概念重新受到业界与学界的关注。其缘由在于在互联网时代,社群作为人类社会的基本型构从线下的隐性流动状态延伸到了线上的网络社区、网络组群、社交媒体等显性固态空间中,随之成为一个可以被具象把握的客体,其在社会治理、经济营销、文化引导等方面的潜力显现出来。由于出版兼具社会、经济、文化等多方面的属性,所以社群与出版也就有了自然而然的结合,被视作出版新业态的启发者和引领者,并创造了巨大的话题空间。国家层面注意到社群在出版中发挥的作用,不但在国家社科基金层面对社群出版给予资助支持,《中国新闻出版广电报》《中国出版传媒商报》等权威媒体也对各出版单位的社群出版运营进行了报道和倡导。……
