高尚 邱诗贤 崔睿 姬琳琳

【摘要】 目的：分析人乳頭瘤病毒（HPV）感染率及亚型分布与子宫颈病变的关系。方法：选取2017年1月-2018年12月在本院就诊的50例子宫颈病变女性为子宫颈病变组，并以同期健康体检者60例为对照组，对所有受试者进行HPV感染检测。比较两组HPV感染率，计算不同子宫颈病变分型患者HPV亚型分布，分析影响患者出现子宫颈病变的危险因素。结果：子宫颈病变组HPV感染率高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。HPV16、HPV18及HPV58为子宫颈病变HPV感染的主要分型。HPV感染阳性、怀孕次数≥2次、生育次数≥2次均是影响患者出现子宫颈病变的独立危险因素（P<0.05），初次性生活年龄≥14岁为出现子宫颈病变的保护因素（P<0.05）。结论：子宫颈病变患者出现HPV感染的概率高于正常健康妇女，HPV16、HPV18及HPV58为子宫颈病变HPV感染的主要分型，且HPV感染阳性、怀孕次数≥2次、生育次数≥2次是影响子宫颈病变发生的危险因素，初次性生活年龄≥14岁为出现子宫颈病变的保护因素。

【关键词】 子宫颈病变 人乳头瘤病毒感染 HPV亚型

Study on the Relationship between HPV Infection， Subtype Distribution and Cervical Lesions/GAO Shang， QIU Shixian， CUI Rui， JI Linlin. //Medical Innovation of China， 2021， 18（01）： 0-038

[Abstract] Objective： To analyzed the relationship between HPV infection， subtype distribution and cervical lesions. Method： A total of 50 women with cervical lesions who visited our hospital from January 2017 to December 2018 were selected as the cervical lesions group， 60 healthy physical examination subjects in the same period were selected as the control group， all subjects were tested for HPV infection. The infection rate of HPV in the two groups was compared， the distribution of HPV subtypes in patients with different types of cervical lesions were compared; the risk factors of cervical lesions were analyzed. Result： The infection rate of HPV in the cervical lesions group was higher than that in the control group （P<0.05）. HPV16， HPV18 and HPV58 were the main types of HPV infection in cervical lesions. Positive HPV infection， number of pregnancies ≥2 and number of births ≥2 were all independent risk factors for cervical lesions in patients （P<0.05）， the age of first sexual life ≥14 years old was a protective factor for cervical lesions （P<0.05）. Conclusion： The incidence of HPV infection in patients with cervical lesions is higher than that in healthy women， HPV16， HPV18， and HPV58 are the main types of HPV infection in cervical lesions. Positive HPV infection， number of pregnancies ≥2 and number of births ≥2 were all independent risk factors for cervical lesions in patients， the age of first sexual life ≥14 years old was a protective factor for cervical lesions.

[Key words] Cervical lesion Human papilloma virus infection HPV subtype

First-authors address： Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital Affiliated Southern Medical University， Shenzhen 518000， China

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2021.01.009

子宫颈病变是指宫颈区域发生的各种病变，包括炎症、肿瘤及癌前病变等，是常见的妇科疾病，严重时会引发全身器官并发症，影响了女性的生命健康。有报道指出，人乳头瘤病毒（human papillomavirus，HPV）感染是诱发子宫颈病变的主要原因，也是影响子宫颈疾病预后的重要因素[1]。HPV感染是指HPV所引发的感染性疾病，较多患者在感染HPV后可自愈，且无明显临床症状，但如出现持续同一亚型HPV感染易导致子宫颈病变的发生，严重者会出现子宫颈癌[2]。本研究通过分析子宫颈病变患者及健康者HPV感染及亚型分布，旨在探究其与子宫颈病变的关系，为子宫颈病变的防治提供依据，现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料 选取2017年1月-2018年12月在本院就诊的50例子宫颈病变女性做为子宫颈病变组，并以同期健康體检者60例为对照组。（1）研究组纳入标准：符合《临床实用妇产科学》中关于子宫颈病变的诊断标准[3];年龄≥20岁。（2）排除标准：严重心肝肾功能异常;子宫切除;免疫系统疾病;有肿瘤病史;本研究开始1周内接受过宫颈物理或手术治疗。……