刘兴丽 彭西 吴邦元 杨菲 袁施彬

摘 要：本研究选用人工驯养繁殖的1、3、6和9日龄红嘴相思鸟健雏的肝脏为材料，通过HE染色法、甲基绿派洛宁法和普鲁士蓝法进行染色，光镜观察肝脏的组织形态结构及肝组织细胞核酸分布和铁含量变化，电镜观察肝细胞的超微结构变化。结果显示，所有日龄的肝组织内结缔组织均不丰富，肝小叶界限均不明显;随雏鸟日龄的增加，肝细胞索逐渐清晰，造血细胞数量减少，肝细胞的RNA含量降低，肝细胞核仁逐渐变小;1、3和6日龄的红嘴相思鸟肝细胞内无铁颗粒沉积，但9日龄雏鸟肝细胞的胞浆内见有大量呈广泛性分布铁颗粒;随日龄的增加，肝细胞内线粒体、内质网等细胞器日益丰富。结果表明，红嘴相思鸟雏鸟肝脏发育与其他幼龄动物肝脏发育存在一定差异，总体表现为随日龄增长，肝脏结构逐步发育成熟，功能也逐渐增强，在育雏后期表现出明显的铁富集。

关键词：红嘴相思鸟;肝脏;组织学;超微结构

Abstract：Livers of healthy nesting red-billed Leiothrix lutea at the 1st ，3rd ，6th and 9th day of brood birds were used as materials in this study.The liver of L.lutea was stained by HE staining，methylgreen-pyronin，and prussian blue staining methods.The tissue morphology and the changes in the distribution of nucleic acid and iron content of liver cells were observed under optical microscope.Electron microscope was used to observe the changes in ultrastructure of liver cells.The results showed that the connective tissue in liver tissues of all ages was not abundant and the boundaries of liver hepatic lobule were not obvious.With the increase of the age of L.lutea，hepatic cords became clearer，the number of hematopoietic cells decreased，the concentrations of RNA in hepatocytes decreased，and the hepatocyte nucleolus gradually became smaller.There were no Fe particle depositions in the liver cells of L.lutea at 1st，3rd，and 6th days ，but there were a large number of Fe particles in the cytoplasm of the liver cells of L.lutea at 9th days.Organelles such as mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum in liver cells became abundant with the increasing age.To sum up，there is a certain difference between the liver development of L.lutea and other young animals，and the liver structure gradually became mature and the function gradually increased.During the late brooding period，the liver showed obvious iron richness.

Keywords：Leiothrix lutea; liver; histology; ultrastructure

紅嘴相思鸟（Leiothrix lutea），又称相思鸟、红嘴玉、红嘴鸟等，因嘴呈赤红色而得名，隶属于鸟纲雀形目鹟科画眉亚科相思鸟属[1]。野外红嘴相思鸟主要栖息于海拔1200～2800 m的山地常绿阔叶林，常绿落叶混交林、竹林和林缘疏林灌丛地带，冬季多下到海拔1000 m以下的低山、山脚、平原与河谷地带[2]。该鸟体形小巧玲珑，鸣声婉转悦耳，色彩华丽，是驰名国内外的观赏鸟，每年遭到大量捕捉，至使种群数量受到很大破坏，CITES2007已将其列入附录Ⅱ。因此，人工驯繁红嘴相思鸟是缓解野外捕捉压力的有效途径。……