摘要：研究不同氮素调控对杂交稻京福8优77生长发育及其产量的影响，旨在为京福8优77的氮肥合理施用提供科学依据。设置常规施氮（200 kg·hm-2）和减量施氮（150 kg·hm-2）2个水平，以及不同的基肥、蘖肥、穗肥比例，采用田间试验方法比较研究不同氮素调控方式对杂交稻京福8优77生长发育及产量的影响。结果表明：与常规施氮相比，在减量施氮水平下基肥∶蘖肥∶穗肥比例为45∶15∶4处理的水稻产量最高，产量为73844 kg·hm-2，比其他处理增产24%～136%。常规施氮水平下，水稻成穗率较高，分蘖数增加，但后期干物质积累量较小，产量较低。减量施氮水平下基、蘖、穗肥比例合理调节，可以促进水稻分蘖数发生，提高成穗率，有利于水稻后期干物质积累，提高水稻穗粒数、结实率及千粒重，最终提高水稻产量。

关键词：氮素调控;水稻;产量;生长发育

中图分类号：S 511文献标志码：A文章编号：0253-2301（2021）02-0046-05

DOI： 1013651/jcnkifjnykj202102009

Effects of Different Nitrogen Regulation on the Growth， Development and

Yield of Hybrid Rice Jingfu 8 you 77

WANG Xiongrong

（Ningde Service Center of Poverty Alleviation and Development， Ningde， Fujian 352100， China）

Abstract： The effect of different nitrogen regulation on the growth and yield of hybrid rice Jingfu 8 you 77 was studied in this paper， in order to provide scientific basis for the rational application of nitrogen fertilizer on Jingfu 8 you 77. By setting two levels of conventional nitrogen application （200 kg·hm-2） and reduced nitrogen application （150 kg·hm-2）， as well as different ratios of base fertilizer， tillering fertilizer and earing fertilizer， the field experiments were conducted to compare the effects of different nitrogen regulation methods on the growth， development and yield of hybrid rice Jingfu 8 you 77. The results showed that： compared with the conventional nitrogen application， the yield of rice under the level of reduced nitrogen application was the highest （being 7384.4 kg·hm-2）， with the ratio of base fertilizer， tillering fertilizer and earing fertilizer being 4.5∶1.5∶4， which was 2.4%-13.6% higher than that of other treatments， respectively. Under the level of conventional nitrogen application， the ear bearing tiller rate of rice was higher， and the tiller number increased， but the accumulation of dry matter was lower in later period， and the yield was lower. Under the level of reduced nitrogen application， the reasonable adjustment of the ratio of base fertilizer， tillering fertilizer and earing fertilizer could promote the occurrence of tiller number， improve the ear bearing tiller rate， benefit the accumulation of dry matter in late period， increase the grains per panicle， seed setting rate and thousand kernel weight， and finally increase the yield of rice.

Key words： Nitrogen regulation; Rice; Yield; Growth and development

“民以食為天，食以稻为先”，水稻作为我国重要的粮食作物之一，直接影响着我国的粮食安全[1-2]。随着社会经济的日益增长，人们不仅仅满足于吃饱，更多的是追求吃好，而摸索一种高产优质的水稻栽培模式是解决我国水稻数量与质量间矛盾的有效途径。氮素是水稻生长发育过程中重要的调控因子，对水稻群体的构建及产量有着明显的影响[3-5]。因此，摸索一种合理的氮素调控比例，能够有效地改善水稻群体结构，并最终提高其产量。

京福8优77是以D297B作为母本，明恢77为父本经过连续4年测交选育的早籼三系杂交水稻新品种[6]。该品种于2014年通过福建省农作物品种审定委员会审定（闽审稻2014003），具有米质优良、穗大粒多、抗稻瘟病、产量高、适应广等特点[7]。……