颜明娟，林诚，陈子聪，黄丁一

摘要：采集福鼎白茶代表性茶园土壤和相应茶叶样品，分析不同成土母质、植茶年限、种植品种对土壤有效锌及茶叶锌的影响。结果表明：福鼎白茶茶园土壤有效锌平均含量为265 mg·kg-1，土壤发育于花岗岩的茶园有效锌、茶叶锌含量低于调查样点平均值;不同植茶年限土壤有效锌含量随着植茶年限的增加而提高，种植小白茶土壤有效锌含量低于土壤缺锌临界值，白茶锌含量与土壤有效锌之间呈极显著线性相关;福鼎白茶茶园土壤锌含量总体还比较低，应针对不同的茶园土壤采取相应的措施，科学施肥，配施有机肥来提高土壤养分含量进而土壤有效锌从而提高茶叶锌含量。

关键词：白茶;土壤;茶叶;锌

中图分类号：S 5711 文献标志码：A 文章编号：0253-2301（2021）01-0041-05

DOI： 1013651/jcnkifjnykj202102008

Correlation Analysis of the Available Zinc Content in Soil of Fuding White

Tea Gardens and the Zinc Content in Tea Leaves

YAN Mingjuan， LIN Cheng， CHEN Zicong*， HUANG Dingyi

（Institute of Soil and Fertilizer， Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Fuzhou， Fujian 350013， China）

Abstract： The soil in the representative tea garden of Fuding white tea and the corresponding tea samples were collected to analyze the effects of different parent materials， planting years and planting varieties on the available zinc in soil and the zinc in tea leaves. The results showed that： the average content of available zinc in the soil of Fuding white tea garden was 2.65 mg·kg-1， and the content of available zinc in the tea garden with granite soil and the content of zinc in tea leaves were lower than the average value of the survey sampling points; the content of available zinc in soil increased with the increase of tea planting years， and the content of available zinc in the soil planted small white tea was lower than the critical value of zinc deficiency in soil， and there was a very significant linear correlation between the zinc content in white tea and the available zinc in soil. The zinc content in the soil of Fuding white tea gardens was relatively low on the whole. Therefore， the corresponding measures should be taken according to the soil in different tea gardens， including the scientific fertilization and the application of organic fertilizer to improve the soil nutrient content， so as to increase the zinc content of tea.

Key words： White tea; Soil; Tea leaves; Zinc

锌是茶树生长发育不可缺少的微量元素，是影响茶树生长的重要营养元素之一。虽然其含量低微，但锌在茶树生理生化机能方面起着重要作用[1-2]。此外，锌还能参与茶树叶片叶绿素合成、蛋白质合成与转化、活性氧代谢及生长素合成等多种代谢途径[3-4]。有研究表明茶园土壤有效锌含量与茶叶氨基酸含量显著相关[5]。不同地域茶园土壤全锌含量，尤其是土壤有效锌含量差异较大[6-7]，福建省茶园土壤有效锌含量为011～1504mg·kg-1（均值为295mg·kg-1）[8]，南方丘陵红壤茶园土壤有效锌含量010～290mg·kg-1（均值为156mg·kg-1），泥岩发育的土壤全锌含量最高[9];锌对茶树生长和茶叶生产具有重要意义，了解茶叶产地土壤锌的供应能力及其与茶叶锌吸收富集之间的关系显得十分必要。……