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高产活性成分蛹虫草菌株的筛选

2021-04-25柯轶,王娜,魏瑜,周昀,余宝珍,张贵和,陈玉舜

福建农业科技 2021年2期

柯轶,王娜,魏瑜,周昀,余宝珍,张贵和,陈玉舜

摘要:对7株不同的蛹虫草菌株进行比较分析,以期筛选得到高产活性成分的优质蛹虫草菌株。通过对7株蛹虫草菌株子实体的形态、产量、子实体中活性成分(虫草素、虫草酸、腺苷、虫草粗多糖)的含量等进行对比研究。结果表明,菌株H05综合品质最好,子实体产量可达204 g·瓶-1,虫草素含量为0523%、腺苷含量为0556%、虫草酸含量为497%,虫草粗多糖含量为989%。此菌株子实体产量高,活性成分含量也较高,经济价值高,值得开发利用。

关键词:蛹虫草;子实体;活性成分;高含量

中图分类号:S 5673 文献标志码:A 文章编号:0253-2301(2021)02-0014-05

DOI: 1013651/jcnkifjnykj202102003

Screening of Cordyceps Militaris Strains Produced Highyield Active Ingredients

KE Yi1, WANG Na1, WEI Yu1, ZHOU Yun1, YU Baozhen2, ZHANG Guihe2, CHEN Yushun3

(1. Fujian Vocational College of Bioengineering, Fuzhou, Fujian 350008, China; 2. Fuzhou Huisheng Edible

Fungi Co., Ltd., Fuzhou, Fujian 350008, China; 3. HUNGKUANG University, Taichung, Taiwan 43302, China)

Abstract: Seven different strains of Cordyceps militaris were compared and analyzed in order to select the highquality strains of Cordyceps militaris with highyield active ingredients. The morphology, yield and content of active ingredients (cordycepin, cordycepic acid, adenosine and cordyceps crude polysaccharide) in the fruiting body of the seven strains of Cordyceps militaris were studied comparatively. The results showed that the strain H05 had the best comprehensive quality, and the yield of fruiting body was 20.4 g per bottle, the cordycepin content was 0.523%, adenosine content was 0.556%, cordycepic acid content was 4.97%, and the cordyceps crude polysaccharide content was 9.89%. The strain had high yield of fruiting body, high content of active ingredients and high economic value, and was worthy of development and utilization.

Key words: Cordyceps militaris; Fruiting body; Active ingredients; High content

蛹虫草Cordyceps militaris又称为北虫草、北冬虫夏草,隶属于真菌界的子囊菌们Ascomycota、肉座菌目Hypocreales、麦角菌科Clavicip itaceae,是世界性广布种\[1\]。在我国的辽宁、福建、陕西、云南、台湾等地区均有分布\[2-3\]。通过对蛹虫草的化学成分和药理研究表明,其营养丰富,富含多种活性物质,如虫草素、虫草酸、腺苷、虫草多糖、氨基酸、麦角固醇、多酚等,具有镇静催眠、提高机体免疫力、抗肿瘤、防止衰老、保护心肺组织等多种药理作用\[4-6\]。文献报道蛹虫草的成分与天然的冬虫夏草十分相似,《全国中草药汇编》记载:“蛹虫草的子实体及虫体也可作为冬虫夏草入药”,且药用活性成分平均含量如虫草素、氨基酸等,明显高于冬虫夏草\[7-10\],这一特性,使得蛹虫草可以作为冬虫夏草的良好替代品。现今,蛹虫草已在全国各地实现了工业化栽培,具有广阔的产业化发展前景。但是菌种退化、产品质量标准缺失、精品缺乏等问题依然困扰着产业的发展。……

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