APP下载

新型沼气消化装置与常规消化装置对比分析研究

2021-03-30唐浩张心才

安徽农学通报 2021年5期

唐浩 张心才

摘 要:针对高固体含量有机废水厌氧消化处理难等问题,研制出一种新型的附着膜型厌氧消化装置,即单池多床型厌氧消化装置。运行试验表明,单池多床型厌氧消化装置与常用的升流式厌氧固体反应器(USR)相比,发酵原料和微生物的分布更加均匀、融合,运行过程中料液能实现自动搅拌,不易出现原料短路、堵塞现象,微生物滞留期(MRT)长而稳定、抗冲击,而且适宜的发酵浓度、原料利用率、池容利用率、沼气产气率等都得到了进一步提高,同时降低了建设成本,综合效益显著。

关键词:高固体;有机废水;厌氧消化;单池多床

中图分类号 R124.2文献标识码 A文章编号 1007-7731(2021)05-0143-03

Abstract: Aiming at the difficulty of anaerobic digestion and treatment of organic wastewater with high solid content, a new type of attached membrane anaerobic digestion device, single pool multi-bed anaerobic digestion device, was developed in this paper. Operation test shows that the single-pool multi-bed anaerobic digestion unit is more uniform and integrated than the commonly used up-flow anaerobic solid reactor (USR). During operation, the feed liquid can be stirred automatically, and it is not easy to produce short circuit and blockage of raw materials. The microbial retention period (MRT) is not only long, stable and impact resistant, but also the suitable fermentation concentration, raw material utilization ratio, pool capacity utilization ratio and biogas production rate have been further improved. At the same time, the construction cost has been reduced and significant comprehensive benefits have been obtained.

Key words: High-solid; Organic wastewater; Anaerobic digestion;Single Pool Multi-bed

國家农业行业标准《沼气工程技术规范》(NY/T 1220.1-2006)中明确规定“高固体含量或其他难降解的有机废水宜选用完全混合式厌氧消化器(CSTR)、厌氧接触工艺(AC)和升流式厌氧固体反应器(USR)[1]”,其中厌氧接触工艺(AC)是在完全混合式厌氧消化器(CSTR)之外加1个沉淀池改进而来的,两者特性没有本质区别[2-5],而升流式厌氧固体反应器(USR)的应用较为普遍。从实践的角度来看,USR比CSTR工艺的容积负荷更高、管理更简单,综合效益更好;从理论的层面看,USR属于污泥滞留型消化器,而CSTR则属于常规型消化器,污泥滞留型消化器优于常规型消化器。笔者根据多年来的从业实践,研制了一种综合效率更高的消化装置,不仅能实现附着膜型消化器用于处理高固体含量或其他难降解的有机废水的梦想,而且通过对消化器内部结构科学合理的设计,促使发酵原料的分布均匀化,实现了运行过程发酵原料的搅拌自动化,综合发酵效率更高。……

登录APP查看全文