2019年云南省富源烟区不同烤烟品种试验示范
2021-03-30韩岗徐家剑李天华
韩岗 徐家剑 李天华



摘 要:为筛选适合在云南省推广的烤烟品种,曲靖市烟草公司富源分公司于2019年采用同田对比法,选取SC3267、福烟6号、PB5、云烟218、云烟214、A601、YN122、GZ20、GZ21、CF235等10个品种(系),以K326为主对照,以云烟87为副对照,在富源烟区开展了区域试验,对各烤烟品种的生育进程、植物学性状、农艺性状、经济性状、原烟外观质量和抗病性等指标进行分析。结果表明:除PB5和云烟214外,其余供试品种(系)的综合品质均优于2个对照。其中,福烟6号产量、产值和抗性均高于2个对照品种,除叶片较大外,综合表现较好;云烟218农艺性状、经济性状接近优质烟叶标准,综合表现好。因此,除PB5和云烟214外,其余供试品种(系)均可推广。
关键词:烤烟品种;区域试验;特征分析;产量;产值
中图分类号 S572 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-7731(2021)05-0078-05
Abstract: In order to pick out suitable flue-cured tobacco varieties to promote in Yunnan Province, subsidiary Fuyuan of Qujing Tobacco Company carried out a regional experiment in local tobacco area to compare varieties SC3267, Fuyan No.6, PB5, Yunyan 218, Yunyan 214, A601, YN122 , GZ20, GZ21, CF235, the main control K326 and the secondary control Yunyan 87 in the same field in 2019. We analyed the growth process, botanical traits, agronomic traits, economic traits, quality of raw tobacco appearance and disease resistance of all flue-cured tobacco varieties, and the results showed that all tested varieties had a better overall quality than the two controls except PB5 and Yunyan 214.In particular, Fuyan No.6 had higher yield, higher output value and stronger resistance than the two control varieties, and had better comprehensive performance except for larger leaves; The agronomic and economic properties of Yunyan 218 reached the standard for high-quality tobacco leaves. In conclusion, all the tested varieties expect PB5 and Yunyan 214 are better than the control, andare worth promoting.
Key words: Flue-cured tobacco varieties; Regional experiment; Traits analysis; Yield; Outputvalue
品种是生产优质烟叶的物质基础,品种的质量决定了烤烟烟叶品质[1],同时也受其生态条件、农户种植水平的影响,在烟叶生产中具有举足轻重的作用[2]。目前云南省主要种植的烟草品种为云87、云100、K326等,长期单一的品种种植容易引起病虫害的暴發、遗传多样性差、品种退化以及烟叶质量下降等问题,从而严重影响经济效益。选育与引进新品种,拓宽品种遗传背景,增强品种多样性[3],引进适宜当地自然条件生长的新品种是缓解和解决单一品种退化的有效途径[3, 4]。因此,筛选适合本地的烟草新品种是当前烟叶生产亟需解决的问题。为鉴定不同烤烟品种在富源县的农艺性状、经济性状和原烟外观质量,笔者对不同烤烟新品种(系)进行了对比试验,以期为烤烟优良品种的选择提供依据。……
