兴安盟神骏山生态景区雷电活动特征分析
2021-03-28曹晓蒙
曹晓蒙








摘 要:利用内蒙古自治区气象局ADTD雷电探测仪所取得的闪电监测资料,统计分析了2013—2018年神骏山生态景区附近5 km范围内的闪电活动特征。结果表明:负闪频数高于正闪,正地闪电流强度主要集中在30~70 kA,负地闪电流强度主要集中在20~50 kA;雷电活动主要集中在5—9月,其中7—8月雷电活动最强,11—12月及1—4月几乎无闪电活动,闪电活动变化在一天中总体上呈正态分布形态,15:00—18:00为闪电活动的峰值时段,6:00—11:00为峰谷时段;神骏山雷电的主导方向为西、东南,次主导方向为南、西南。
关键词:雷电活动;特征分析;神骏山生态景区
中图分类号:P446 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1003-5168(2021)34-0-04
Analysis on Lightning Activity Characteristics in Xing’an League Shenjun Mountain Ecological Scenic Area
CAO Xiaomeng
(Xing’an League Meteorological Bureau, Xing’an League Inner Mongolia 137400)
Abstract: The lightning monitoring data obtained by the ADTD lightning detector in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region were used to statistically analyze the characteristics of lightning activity within 5 km of the vicinity of Shenjun Mountain ecological scenic area from 2013 to 2018. The results show that: the frequency of negative flashes is higher than that of positive flashes, the intensity of positive ground flashes is mainly concentrated in 30~70 kA, the intensity of negative ground flashes is mainly concentrated in 20~50 kA, and the lightning activity is mainly concentrated from May to September, with the strongest lightning activity from July to August and almost no lightning activity from November to December and from January to April; Lightning activity in a day change overall inverse normal distribution pattern, peak time in the afternoon 15:00—18:00, peak time in the early morning 06:00—11:00; Shenjun mountain lightning dominant for the west, southeast, secondary dominant direction for the south, southwest.
Keywords: lightning activity;feature analysis;Shenjun mountain ecological scenic area
雷暴通常在積雨云中产生,伴有闪电活动、阵性强降水,且时常出现冰雹、局部大风等灾害性天气过程,是一种较为常见的强对流天气系统[1-7]。一次雷暴活动虽然短暂,但实际上包括成百上千个回击过程,回击过程产生的瞬间高电位、瞬变的电磁辐射可导致微电子设备损坏。云层放电具有时间短、电流强度大等特点,因此能够直接造成人员伤亡、建筑物等其他设施设备受损[7]。同时,回击过程会产生电火花,极易导致加油站、化工企业等易燃易爆场所发生火灾及爆炸事故。近年来,随着社会快速发展和经济不断腾飞,民众生活水平不断提高,保护人民生命财产安全越发重要,但是雷电灾害对整个社会发展造成了严重影响[2-3]。因此,基于2013—2018年内蒙古自治区ADTD雷电探测仪监测资料,分析该地区雷电活动的时空分布特点、规律,为兴安盟神骏山生态景区今后的雷电灾害防御工作提供参考依据[7]。……
