陈玉娇 李淑云 陈芮

【摘要】 目的：探討妊娠期高血压疾病产妇产后血压水平变化及其影响因素。方法：回顾性分析2020年1月-2021年6月本院收治的妊娠期高血压疾病产妇118例的资料，所有产妇均在本院进行分娩，产后对产妇进行随访。根据产后42 d血压测量结果将产妇分为血压恢复组与血压未恢复组，统计两组一般资料，分析影响妊娠期高血压疾病产妇产后血压水平恢复的危险因素。结果：118例妊娠期高血压疾病产妇，随访42 d，89例（75.42%）血压水平恢复正常，29例（24.58%）血压水平未恢复;血压未恢复组年龄≥35岁、有高血压家族史、妊娠期间情绪不佳占比和妊娠期高血压疾病严重程度均高于血压恢复组（P<0.05）;两组产次、吸烟史、分娩孕周、既往流产史比较，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。logistic回归分析，年龄≥35岁、有高血压家族史、妊娠期间情绪不佳、妊娠期高血压疾病严重程度均是影响妊娠期高血压疾病产妇产后血压水平恢复的独立危险因素（P<0.05）。结论：妊娠期高血压疾病产妇产后血压水平恢复主要受年龄≥35岁、有高血压家族史、妊娠期间情绪不佳、妊娠期高血压疾病严重程度等因素影响，临床针对存在高危因素的产妇应予以高度重视，以预防产后慢性高血压。

【关键词】 妊娠期高血压疾病 产后 血压 影响因素

Changes of Postpartum Blood Pressure Levels in Pregnant Women with Hypertensive Disorders Complicating Pregnancy and Analysis of Its Influencing Factors/CHEN Yujiao， LI Shuyun， CHEN Rui. //Medical Innovation of China， 2021， 18（35）： 0-017

[Abstract] Objective： To explore the changes of postpartum blood pressure levels and its influencing factors in pregnant women with hypertensive disorders complicating pregnancy. Method： The data of 118 pregnant women with hypertensive disorders complicating pregnancy admitted to our hospital from January 2020 to June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were delivered in our hospital， and the mothers were followed up after delivery. According to the blood pressure measurement results at 42 d postpartum， the patients were divided into blood pressure recovery group and blood pressure non-recovery group. The general data of two groups were counted to analyze the risk factors that affect the postpartum blood pressure level of pregnant women with hypertensive disorders complicating pregnancy. Result： Among 118 pregnant women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy， blood pressure returned to normal in 89 cases （75.42%）， and blood pressure didn’t return to normal in 29 cases （24.58%）. The proportion of age ≥35 years old， with family history of hypertension， poor moodd uring pregnancy and the severity of hypertensive disorders complicating pregnancy in blood pressure recovery group were higher than those in blood pressure non-recovery group （P<0.05）; there were no statistically significant differences in terms of parity， smoking history， gestational age and previous miscarriage between two groups （P>0.05）. logistic regression analysis showed ≥35 years old， with family history of hypertension， poor moodd during pregnancy and the severity of hypertensive disorders of pregnancyage were independent risk factors that affect the recovery of postpartum blood pressure in pregnant women with hypertensive disorders complicating pregnancy （P<0.05） . Conclusion： The postpartum blood pressure recovery of pregnant women with hypertensive disorders complicating pregnancy is mainly affected by factors such as ≥35 years old， with family history of hypertension， poor moodd during pregnancy and the severity of hypertensive disorders complicating pregnancy age and other factors. Clinically， women with high-risk factors should be paid great attention to prevent the occurrence of postpartum chronic hypertension.

[Key words] Hypertensive disorders complicating pregnancy Postpartum Blood pressure Influencing factors

First-author’s address： Luoding Maternity and Child Health Hospital， Luoding 527200， China

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2021.35.004

妊娠期高血压疾病（hypertensive disorders complicating pregnancy，HDCP）是指妊娠前血压水平正常，妊娠后血压水平升高，是妊娠期特有的疾病，会对孕妇、胎儿健康造成较大影响[1-2]。妊娠期高血压疾病发病机制较为复杂，是多种因素共同作用的结果，若未及时控制血压水平可累及心脏等多个脏器，甚至形成永久性疾病[3]。……