山东广翅蜡蝉在青岛地区的发生规律及产卵习性
2021-03-12孙丽娟衣维贤王思芳郑长英
孙丽娟 衣维贤 王思芳 郑长英



摘要 :为明确山东广翅蜡蝉Ricania shantungensis Chou et Lu在青岛地区的发生情况,于2017年4月至2018年12月,采用踏查法调查该虫在山东省青岛市的寄主范围,并采用套网袋和定点观察相结合的方法调查其年生活史及成虫产卵习性。结果表明,山东广翅蜡蝉在青岛地区的寄主有27种,其中木本植物25种,草本植物2种。山东广翅蜡蝉在青岛地区1年发生2代,以卵越冬,翌年春天5月初孵化,越冬代成虫发生期为7月1日至8月10日;第1代成虫发生期为9月23日至12月4日。第1、2代卵的高峰期分别出现于7月25日和10月30日。成虫产卵对黄栌Cotinus coggygria Scop.具有明显的嗜好性,且喜将越冬卵产在东向和南向枝条上,不仅可产卵于新生嫩枝,也可以产卵于叶片主脉。本研究结果可以为青岛乃至山东地区山东广翅蜡蝉防治提供依据。
关键词 :山东广翅蜡蝉; 青岛地区; 年生活史; 产卵习性
中图分类号: S 436
文献标识码: A
DOI: 10.16688/j.zwbh.2019604
Occurrence regularity and oviposition habits of Ricania shantungensis in Qingdao region, Shandong province
SUN Lijuan1, YI Weixian2, WANG Sifang1, ZHENG Changying1*
(1. Key Laboratory of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, College of Plant Health and
Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; 2. Huangdao Custom, Qingdao 266555, China)
Abstract :In order to clarify the occurrence regularity of Ricania shantungensis Chou et Lu in Qingdao region, Shandong province, the host range in Qingdao region was investigated by randomsearchingmethod, and the annual life history and oviposition habit were investigated by baggingmethod combined with spotinvestigation from April 2017 to December 2018. The result showed that there were 27 kinds of host plants of R.shantungensis in Qingdao region, including 25 woody hosts and two herb hosts. R.shantungensis occurred two generations each year, and overwintered with eggs. The overwintering egg was hatched on early May of the next year. The adult of overwintering generation occurred from 1st July to 10th August; the adult of first generation occurred from 23rd September to 4th December. The oviposition peak of the first and second generation separately appeared on 25th July and 30th October. The adult preferred to lay eggs on Cotinus coggygria Scop. and lay overwintering eggs in branches located in south and east side of the tree. R.shantungensis not only lay eggs on new shoots but also in the thick main vein of the leaf. These results will provide reference for control of R.shantungensis in Qingdao region, even in Shandong province.
Key words :Ricania shantungensis; Qingdao region; annual life history; oviposition habit
山東广翅蜡蝉Ricania shantungensis Chou et Lu属半翅目Hemiptera,蜡蝉总科Fulgoroidea。其成虫和若虫以刺吸式口器刺吸寄主汁液,致使枝梢生长不良,叶片发黄,易脱落;芽及花蕾受害后枯萎凋落,其分泌物还能引发煤污病。雌成虫产卵于枝条内,致使受害枝条呈扁平状开裂、变形,受害严重的枝条枯死[12]。
山东广翅蜡蝉是中国南方杨梅Myrica rubra Siebold et Zuccarini[3]和柑橘Citrus reticulata Blanco[1]上的重要害虫,也为害柿Diospyros kaki Thunb.、山楂Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.、桃Amygdalus persica (L.) Batsch.等果树。在园林绿化树中,山杜英Elaeocarpus sylvestris (Lour.) Poir.和樟Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Presl受害也较重,此外北美鹅掌楸Liriodendron tulipifera (Magnoliaceae)、香椿Toona sinensis (A. Juss.) Roem.、臭椿Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle、喜树Camptotheca acuminata Decne.、水杉Metasequoia glyptostroboides Hu & W. C. Cheng、枫香Liquidambar formosana Hance.、水蜡Ligustrum obtusifolium Sieb. et Zucc.、含笑花Michelia figo (Lour.) Spreng.、红芽木Cratoxylum formosum subsp. pruniflorum (Kurz) Gogelin、木犀Osmanthus fragrans (Thunb.) Lour.等也受其为害[45]。山东广翅蜡蝉在中国北方的为害鲜有报道,但笔者在2015年至2016年的全国林业有害生物普查过程中发现该虫为害北方园林树木的现象也很普遍。……
