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麦蚜对拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂抗性研究进展

2021-03-12龚培盼李新安王超李祥瑞张云慧李建洪朱勋

植物保护 2021年1期

龚培盼 李新安 王超 李祥瑞 张云慧 李建洪 朱勋

摘要 :麦蚜是为害小麦的一类重要害虫,广泛分布于我国各小麦种植区。2016年-2018年我国麦蚜总体偏重发生,严重影响小麦产量和品质,造成巨大的经济损失。拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂是防治麦蚜的主要杀虫剂类型之一,但由于化学农药的长期使用,麦蚜对拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂产生了不同程度的抗性。本文综述了拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂作用机制、麦蚜对拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂的抗性现状以及近年来拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂抗性机制研究的主要进展。

关键词 :麦蚜; 拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂; 抗药性

中图分类号: S 481.4

文献标识码: A

DOI: 10.16688/j.zwbh.2019543

Research advances in pyrethroid insecticide resistance in wheat aphids

GONG Peipan1,2, LI Xinan2, WANG Chao2, LI Xiangrui2, ZHANG Yunhui2, LI Jianhong1*, ZHU Xun2*

(1. Hubei Key Laboratory of Utilization of Insect Resources and Sustainable Pest Management, College of

Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;

2. State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of

Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China)

Abstract :Wheat aphids are a group of important pests that infect wheat cereal and are widely distributed in China. The overall occurrence of wheat aphids in China in 2016-2018 has seriously affected wheat yield and quality, causing huge economic losses. Pyrethroid insecticides are among the main types of insecticides for controlling the wheat aphid. However, due to the longterm use of chemical insecticides, wheat aphids have developed varying degrees of resistance to pyrethroid insecticides. This article reviewed the mechanisms of action of pyrethroid insecticides, the current status of resistance of wheat aphids to pyrethroid insecticides, and the main advances in the research of pyrethroid insecticide resistance mechanisms in recent years.

Key words :wheat aphids; pyrethroid insecticides; pesticide resistance

小麥在世界各地广泛种植,是我国主要的粮食作物之一,年播种面积仅次于水稻和玉米。小麦蚜虫是小麦上的重要害虫之一,在我国为害小麦的蚜虫种类主要有麦长管蚜Sitobion miscanthi (Fabricius)、禾谷缢管蚜 Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus)、麦二叉蚜Schizaphis graminum (Rondani) 和麦无网长管蚜 Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker)。麦蚜属于半翅目 Hemiptera 蚜科 Aphididae,以成蚜、若蚜吸食小麦叶、茎、嫩穗的汁液引起植株营养恶化,造成小麦籽粒饥瘦或不能结实,排泄的蜜露覆盖在叶片表面,影响呼吸和光合作用。此外,麦蚜也是传播植物病毒的重要昆虫媒介,造成小麦黄矮病[1]。近年来由于全球气候变暖,北方地区冬季温暖少雨,年后气温回升快等气候条件,麦蚜呈现出虫害发生提前、为害期长、峰期蚜量大等特点,严重影响小麦品质和产量,造成巨大损失[2]。目前生产上对麦蚜的防治仍以化学防治为主,而化学防治引起的抗药性问题是导致防效降低,甚至防治失败的重要原因。……

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