基于知识建构的本科数据素养教育学习环境设计
2021-03-08张薇薇施茜薷
张薇薇 施茜薷
摘 要:[目的/意義]大学生数据素养教育应以学习环境设计为重心,为知识建构创设条件。[方法/过程]首先,收集分析双一流高校信息管理类专业本科培养方案和数据素养课程相关数据;其次,从学习者、数据知识、共同体和评价4个视角出发,构建和演绎知识建构学习环境设计体系。[结果/结论]根据调研分析结果总结了我国本科数据素养教育的特点与不足。4个设计视角分别对应2~3个维度,合计11个设计维度,给出了具体设计内容以及相应的教学设计策略和建议。该设计能更好地提升本科数据素养教学效果。
关键词:数据素养教育;知识建构;学习环境设计;本科教育
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1008-0821.2021.03.012
〔中图分类号〕G254.97 〔文献标识码〕A 〔文章编号〕1008-0821(2021)03-0121-10
Design of Learning Environment for Undergraduate Data
Literacy Education Based on Knowledge Construction
Zhang Weiwei Shi Qianru
(School of Management Engineering,Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology,
Nanjing 210044,China)
Abstract:[Purpose/Significance]Data literacy education should focus on learning environment design and create conditions for knowledge construction.[Method/Process]First,the data related to undergraduate education program and data literacy courses of information management major in Double First-class universities were collected and analyzed;second,the design system of knowledge construction learning environment from four perspectives of learners,data knowledge,community and evaluation,were constructed and deduced.[Results/Conclusion]According to the investigation and analysis results,some characteristics and shortcomings of data literacy education in our country were summarized.Four design perspectives correspond to 2~3 dimensions respectively,with a total of 11 design dimensions.The specific design contents and instructional strategies and suggestions were put forward.This design can better enhance the effect of undergraduate data literacy education.
Key words:data literacy education;knowledge construction;learning environment design;undergraduate education
3)数据素养教育内容分布极不均衡。从主题类别的总体分布看,数据管理类课程占比超过一半,数据分析类课程次之,这两类课程合计占比超过90%,如表2所示。而其他类别,诸如数据收集、数据应用、数据伦理合计占比仅5.4%,而涉及数据评估类的独立课程几乎没有。培养的学生虽拥有一定数据处理与分析技能,却在数据评估与应用、数据创新、数据道德规范方面存在明显不足,这与大数据战略的发展方向不一致。这种主题分布极端不均衡的现象背后有其客观原因,主要是受到“以课程为中心”的教学模式的严重制约。从课程设计角度而言,数据管理与数据分析类课程内容相对比较成熟,知识点明确,学习目标清晰,比较容易在传统课堂授课方式下开展。……
