周恒芳 宋丽伟 王卫玲

摘 要：随着我国经济的快速发展，能源与环保问题日益凸显。我国对节能环保日益重视，且人们对居住品质的要求也在不断提高。在此基础上，2008年被动式超低能耗建筑被引入我国。另外，近零能耗建筑、零能耗建筑、正能耗建筑也在逐步发展。本文主要对被动式超低能耗建筑的技术措施、实现难点进行论述，并全面阐述其在我国的发展现状，为建筑业相关人员全面了解、学习被动式超低能耗建筑提供参考。

关键词：被动式超低能耗建筑;节能环保;经济舒适;技术措施

中图分类号：TU201.5     文献标识码：A     文章编号：1003-5168（2021）36-0083-04

Analysis on the Development of Passive Ultra-Low Energy  Buildings in China

ZHOU Hengfang   SONG Liwei  WANG Weiling

（Zhongyuan University of Science and Technology， Zhengzhou Henan 450000）

Abstract：With the rapid development of China's economy，energy and environmental protection issues are increasingly prominent.China is paying more and more attention to the issue of energy conservation and environmental protection，and people's requirements for living quality are constantly improving.On this basis，passive ultra-low energy buildings were introduced into China in 2008.In addition，near zero energy buildings，zero energy buildings，positive energy buildings are also gradually developing.This paper mainly discusses the technical measures and implementation difficulties of passive ultra-low energy buildings，and comprehensively expounds the development status of passive ultra-low energy buildings in China，so as to provide reference for the construction industry related personnel to comprehensively understand and learn passive ultra-low energy buildings.

Keywords：passive ultra-low energy buildings;energy conservation and environment protection;economic and comfortable;technical measures

被動式超低能耗建筑是指适应气候特征和自然条件，通过保温隔热性能和气密性能更高的围护结构，采用高效新风热回收技术，最大程度地降低建筑供暖供冷需求，并充分利用可再生能源，以更少的能源消耗，提供舒适室内环境，并能满足绿色建筑基本要求的建筑[1]。被动式超低能耗建筑也称为被动房，被动房是受保护的专业名词，最早起源于德国，被动房是按德国Passivhaus翻译的。通过技术措施，被动房将建筑供暖需求降低到15 kWh/（m2·a）以下，能有效实现建筑节能，并改善居住体验感。

1 被动式超低能耗建筑的特点

被动式超低能耗建筑的主要特点是节能环保、经济舒适。我国幅员辽阔，南北气候跨度大。根据我国建筑热工设计分区图，我国共分为五个气候区：北方的严寒和寒冷地区、中部的夏热冬冷地区和南方的夏热冬暖及温和地区。……