钮嘉颖 黄颖 郭刚 丁玲 张越晗

摘  要：本文分析得出了某车型MPDB碰撞工况和ODB碰撞工况中车身响应和假人伤害值的差异，针对假人胸部压缩量和小腿胫骨指数超标的问题，考虑到白车身设变成本较高，提出了安全带配置优化的5个方案。通过对5个优化方案的仿真结果分析得出，二级限力装置对胸部压缩量具有较大的改善，相对于恒定限力式安全带，递减限力式安全带的胸部压缩量减小了13.1%，递增限力式安全带的胸部压缩量减小了23.9%。锁止锁舌和端片预紧对胸部压缩量和小腿胫骨指数均有较大的改善，锁止锁舌的改善效果优于端片预紧，两者同时配置改善效果最优：胸压减小了21.4%，小腿胫骨指数减小了40.8%。考虑到端片预紧成本较高，推荐配置递增限力式安全带以及锁止锁舌的方案。通过仿真优化，优化效果显著，为后续项目的MPDB碰撞性能提升提供了一种有效的优化思路。

关键词：MPDB;伤害值;安全带优化

中图分类号：U467.1+4     文献标识码：A     文章编号：1005-2550（2021）01-0051-07

Abstract： This paper analyzes the difference between the body response and the dummy's damage value in the MPDB crash condition and the ODB crash condition of a certain model. Aiming at the problem of excessive compression of the dummy's chest and calf tibia index， considering the cost-effective， proposed 5 schemes for optimizing the seat belt configuration.Based on the analysis of the simulation results of the five optimization schemes， it is found that the second-level force-limiting device has a greater improvement in chest compression. Compared with the constant force-limiting seat belt， the chest compression of the decreasing force-limiting seat belt is reduced by 13.1 %， the chest compression of the incremental force-limiting seat belt is reduced by 23.9%. Locking tongue and end piece pre-tightening greatly improve chest compression and lower leg tibia index. The improvement effect of locking tongue is better than end piece pre-tightening. It was 21.4% smaller and the calf tibia index was reduced by 40.8%. Considering the high cost of end piece pre-tightening， it is recommended to configure incremental force-limiting seat belts and locking tongues. Through simulation optimization， the optimization effect is remarkable， which provides an effective optimization idea for the MPDB collision performance improvement of subsequent projects.

Key Words： MPDB; Injury Value; Seat Belt Optimization

1    前言

根据C-NCAP 2021版最新要求，将取消原有的64ODB碰撞工况，采用MPDB新碰撞工况：壁障小车质量为1400kg，壁障小车和被撞车辆均以50km/h速度相对运动，以50%的重叠率相对碰撞。

MPDB与ODB工况差异对比见表1，对比2个工况的碰撞具体细节，可以看出碰撞速度、碰撞方式和前排碰撞假人均有不同。碰撞速度和碰撞方式的改变，直接影响整车的变形模式和假人的伤害值指标。而且MPDB的评价指标中，首次采用了Thor假人，新假人对整车加速度响应和伤害敏感程度也不相同，其中胸部因有上下左右四根肋骨，伤害值的敏感程度大大提升了，对车身结构设计和约束系统设计提出了很大的挑战，加大了C-NCAP试验的得分难度。……