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侵入物高速撞击下铰链式动车组的安全性

2021-02-18朱卫张海岳译新苏永章张宸瑜付耿哲

计算机辅助工程 2021年4期

朱卫 张海 岳译新 苏永章 张宸瑜 付耿哲

摘要:  为探究侵入物高速撞击下铰链式动车组的安全性,在实物三维扫描重构的基础上,构建一种新的活体三维有限元层叠模型,并在LS-DYNA中进行摆锤侧面碰撞分析验证;通过铰链式动车组与活体在110 km/h速度下的碰撞仿真计算,讨论动车组运行的安全性以及吸能装置的可靠性。结果显示:活体的有限元层叠模型既能保证计算精度,又能提高计算效率;在110 km/h的碰撞速度下,车体加速度为0.117g,轮对抬升量为0.238 mm,车钩每5 m长度的压缩量最大约为1.89 mm。各项指标都低于EN 15227标准,动车组行车安全性没有受到影响,吸能装置也能可靠工作。

关键词:  轨道; 活体侵入物; 耐撞性; 铰链式动车组; 吸能装置

中图分类号:  U270.12; TB115.1文献标志码:  B

收稿日期: 2021-10-17修回日期: 2021-11-05

基金项目:  国家自然科学基金资助项目(51865009);江西省自然科学基金资助项目(20192BAB206022)

作者简介: 朱卫(1983—),男,湖南株洲人,工程师,硕士,研究方向为城轨车辆车体研发,(E-mail)zhuwei19830503@163.comSafety of articulated EMU

under high-speed impact of invader

ZHU Wei1,2, ZHANG Hai3, YUE Yixin1,2, SU Yongzhang1,2,

ZHANG Chenyu3, FU Gengzhe3

(1. The State Key Laboratory of Heavy Duty AC Drive Electric Locomotive Systems Integration, Zhuzhou 412001, Hunan, China;

2. CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive Co., Ltd., Zhuzhou 412001, Hunan, China; 3. Key Laboratory of Conveyance and Equipment of

the Ministry of Education of China, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China)

Abstract: To explore the safety of the articulated EMU under the high-speed impact of invader, a new three-dimensional finite element stack model of the living invader is constructed based on the reconstruction of the physical three-dimensional scanning, and the analysis and verification of pendulum side impact is carried out in LS-DYNA. The simulation calculation of impact between the articulated EMU and living body at speed of 110 km/h is done, and the safety of the EMU operation and the reliability of the energy absorbing device are discussed. The results show that the finite element stack model of the living body can not only ensure the calculation accuracy, but also improve the calculation efficiency. At impact speed of 110 km/h, the acceleration of the EMU is 0.117g, the lift of the wheelset is 0.238 mm, and the maximum compression of the coupler length per 5 m is about 1.89 mm. All indexes are lower than the EN 15227 standard, the safety of the EMU operation is not affected, and the energy absorbing device can also work reliably.

Key words: rail; living invader; crashworthiness; articulated EMU; energy absorbing device

0引言列車运行安全一直是铁路运输的重中之重。随着列车运行速度的不断提高,列车发生碰撞事故的概率也逐渐增大,一旦发生碰撞事故,后果不堪设想[1]。英国最早开始进行轨道交通碰撞安全性的研究[2],提出以可控大变形方式吸收碰撞能量的耐撞性车体结构设计方法,在自制试验台上对车体端部进行准静态冲击试验和2列全尺寸列车的正面头对头碰撞试验。在欧盟资助下,欧洲开展一系列铁路安全研究项目,并于2007年颁布列车碰撞安全标准,推动车辆设计的改进。……

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