翟颉

摘要：作为我国民族传统文化之一的赫哲族文化，面临着信仰、民俗逐渐衰亡、文化传承主体断层、商业化开发削弱乡村特色几方面危机，而在乡村振兴中融合赫哲族传统纹饰则能够提升文化素养、助力乡风文明发展、驱动乡村企业发展、加快农村经济发展步伐、推进赫哲族文化艺术传扬、拓展生态治理理念，能够化解赫哲族文化传承中断的危机。为此，该文在赫哲族传统纹饰基本类型了解的基础上，以乡村振兴为视角，从服饰领域、饮食器具领域、住宅领域、其他领域这4个方面阐述了赫哲族传统纹饰的活化应用，希望能够通过赫哲族传统纹饰作用的展现加快乡村振兴战略的实现步伐。

关键词：乡村振兴  文化传承  传统纹饰  文化艺术

中图分类号：J522文献标识码：A   文章编号：1672-3791（2021）12（a）-0000-00

Activation and Application of Hezhen Traditional Patterns from the Perspective of Rural Revitalization

ZHAI Jie

（School of design and art， Harbin University of Commerce，Harbin， Heilongjiang Province，150028China）

Abstract： As one of China's national traditional cultures， Hezhen culture is facing several crises， such as the gradual decline of beliefs and folk customs， the main fault of cultural inheritance， and the weakening of rural characteristics by commercial development. The integration of Hezhen traditional decoration in Rural Revitalization can improve cultural quality， help the development of rural civilization， drive the development of rural enterprises， and accelerate the pace of rural economic development Promoting the dissemination of Hezhen culture and art and expanding the concept of ecological governance can resolve the crisis of interruption of Hezhen cultural inheritance. Therefore， based on the understanding of the basic types of Hezhen traditional patterns and from the perspective of rural revitalization， this paper expounds the activation and application of Hezhen traditional patterns from four aspects： clothing field， catering appliance field， housing field and other fields， hoping to speed up the realization of Rural Revitalization Strategy through the display of the role of Hezhen traditional patterns.

Key Words： Rural Revitalization; Cultural inheritance; Traditional decoration; Culture and art

1 赫哲族傳统纹饰的基本类型

1.1岩画纹饰

岩画是原始人时期的主要绘画艺术形式，其中蕴含着丰富的内涵，记载着原始时期人们的真实生活场景。通过分析原始赫哲族的岩画图像，主要以虎、马、日以及骑手等形象为主，赫哲族的岩画具备线条灵动、刻画精准的特点，通过太阳形象的塑造实现人们情感思想的传递，彰显了对大自然的无比崇敬之情。在动物及骑手的刻画中揭示了骑手及马在部落生活中举足轻重的地位，而老虎形象的刻画，则展现了老虎难以猎捕的境况，同时也体现出了人们对老虎所怀有的敬畏之情[1-2]。

1.2生产纹饰

赫哲族聚落存在时期，人们常会利用骨针、弓箭等物打猎而维持生活，而这些生产工具之上通常会绘制图纹，这便是赫哲族的生产纹饰。……