挥发性有机物处理新技术的研究
2021-02-11刘丽
刘丽
摘要:挥发性有机物(VOCs)是一种来源广泛、成分复杂且对自然环境和人体健康有严重威胁的物质。现阶段关于挥发性有机物的处理技术,大体可以分为回收、分解两种类型,回收技术又包括低温冷凝回收、吸附回收、膜分离回收等;分解技术则包括燃烧分解、生物分解、光催化分解等。随着相关技术的创新和处理要求的提升,近年来组合式技术得到了推广使用。例如“冷凝+吸收”组合技术、“喷淋洗涤+催化氧化”组合技术等。组合式技术可以将两种及以上技术的应用优势加以整合,从而让挥发性有机物的处理效率更高,处理结果更加彻底。
关键词:挥发性有机物 膜分离技术 光催化技术 低温等离子体净化
中图分类号:X701文献标识码:A 文章编号:1672-3791(2021)12(a)-0000-00
Study on New Technology of Volatile Organic Compounds Treatment
LIU Li
(Shenyang Environmental Technology Assessment Center,Shenyang, Liaoning Province,110141 China)
Abstract: Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are a wide range of sources, complex components and a serious threat to the natural environment and human health. At present, the treatment technology of volatile organic compounds can be divided into two types: recovery and decomposition. The recovery technology includes low-temperature condensation recovery, adsorption recovery, membrane separation recovery, etc.; the decomposition technology includes combustion decomposition, biological decomposition, photocatalytic decomposition, etc. With the innovation of related technology and the improvement of processing requirements, combined technology has been widely used in recent years. For example, "condensation + absorption" combined technology, "spray washing + catalytic oxidation" combined technology. Combined technology can integrate the application advantages of two or more technologies, so that the treatment efficiency of VOCs is higher and the treatment results are more thorough.
Key Words:Volatile organic compounds; Membrane separation technology; Photocatalytic technology; Low temperature plasma purification
2013年國家环保部发布了《挥发性有机物(VOCs)污染防治技术政策》,分别从源头预防、过程控制、末端治理和综合利用等几个方面,对挥发性有机物的预防及处理技术进行了总结。技术的创新与发展,在进一步提升挥发性有机物处理成效方面起到了关键作用。现有的技术体系基本上可以满足人们对于挥发性有机物处理的要求,但是也存在处理成本较高、处理不够彻底、处理流程繁琐等问题。因此,今后要继续加强挥发性有机物处理新技术的研究,按照先试点、再推广的顺序,将更多新技术、新方法应用到挥发性有机物的处理工作中。
1挥发性有机物的回收技术
1.1低温冷凝回收
将含有挥发性有机物的空气收集起来,置于密闭容器中,通过降低温度的方式,让挥发性有机物从气态变为液态,凝结形成的液珠附着在光滑的容器壁上,在重力作用下汇集到容器下方的收集瓶中,完成回收。……
