李春杰

摘  要：南水北调中线核心水源区是调水工程最后一道生态屏障和水源保护最为敏感的区域，然而有关南水北调中线核心水源区空气质量演变特征的研究鲜见于报道。本文通过采集分析2014—2020年南水北调中线核心水源区空气质量数据资料，对PM2.5、PM10、CO、SO2、NO2、O3等大气污染物进行系统分析。研究结果表明：南水北调中线核心水源区空气质量整体上以良好和轻度污染为主，冬季是大气污染相对严重的季节。2014—2020年的监测中AQI、PM2.5、PM10、CO、SO2均呈现波动下降趋势，空气质量正在得到持续改善。主要污染物PM2.5、PM10、SO2浓度12月至次年2月期间明显偏高。控制工业废气、机动车尾气排放，可提降低大气污染浓度从而提升南水北调中线核心水源区空气质量，本文可为南水北调中线核心水源区大气污染控制、水环境保护提供借鉴。

关键词：南水北调中线核心水源区;空气质量;大气污染物;演化特征

Study on the Evolution Characteristics of Air Quality in the Core Headwaters Area in Central Project of Water Adjustment from South to

North

LI Chunjie

（School of Geography and Tourism， Nanyang Normal University， Nanyang， Henan Province， 473061 China）

Abstract： The core headwaters area in central project of water adjustment from South to North is the ecological barrier and the most sensitive area for water source protection. In this study， the core headwaters area in central project of water adjustment from South to North from 2014 to 2020 were collected and analyzed， and the atmospheric pollutants such as PM2.5， PM10， CO， SO2， NO2 and O3 were systematically analyzed. The results showed that the air quality in the core headwaters area in central project of water adjustment from South to North were mainly good and slightly polluted， and winter is a relatively serious season of air pollution. During the monitoring period from 2014 to 2020， AQI， PM2.5， PM10， CO and SO2 all showed a trend of fluctuation and decline， and air quality is continuously improving. The concentration of major pollutants PM2.5， PM10 and SO2 were significantly higher from December to February of the next year. The control of industrial and motor vehicle exhaust emissions can reduce air pollution concentration and improve air quality in  the core headwaters area in central project of water adjustment from South to North. This study could provide reference for air pollution control and water environment protection in  the core headwaters area in central project of water adjustment from South to North.

Key Words： The core headwaters area in central project of water adjustment from South to North;Air quality; Air pollutants; Evolution characteristics

據统计，截止2020年末南水北调中线核心水源区常住人口超过了1200万，加之经济社会的快速迅速，使得该地区大气污染形势严峻[1-2]。同时，南水北调中线核心水源区特殊的盆地地形使得本地排放难以有效扩散，这些污染物在高湿环境中可以快速转化为二次污染，并显现出多污染物共存、多污染源叠加、多过程耦合、多尺度关联的特点[3-5]。当前南水北调中线核心水源区已经成为我国的重点灰霾区域，相比其他大气重污染地区，如京津冀、长三角和珠三角等地，当前对南水北调中线核心水源区的大气污染过程和演变的研究相对较少。……