王松 王君 薄伟 康红梅 王晋

摘要：为了了解运城绿地园林草本植物的组成、沿面积变化规律及其与环境因子的相关关系，用实地调查法分析草本种间关联性及种类随绿地面积的变化规律，用CCA分析法测得植物分布和环境特征间关系数据。结果表明：样地共记录草本植物22种12科19属，几乎全部种对都存在一定程度的相关关系；优势科为百合科（Liliaceae）；优势属为鸢尾属（Iris）和萱草属（Hemerocallis）；优势种为萱草（Hemerocallis fulva）、蓝蝴蝶（Iris tectorum）等，其中蓝蝴蝶重要值最高；绿地草本植物种数随面积增加呈“低—高—低”的抛物线型分布模式，在面积16.40 hm2样地种数最大，而样地面积和景观类型则对芦苇、大丽花等草本植物的分布影响较大。调查样方面积应设置在20 hm2以上。在4个环境特征中，周边环境、景观类型与草本植物分布存在较强的相关性。

关键词：运城市；草本植物；绿地面积；环境特征；相关性

中图分类号：S688文献标志码：A论文编号：cjas2020-0096

The Variation Regularity of Composition of Herbaceous Plants Along Green Space and Its Correlation with Environmental Characteristics in Yuncheng City Wang Song1， Wang Jun2， Bo Wei1， Kang Hongmei1， Wang Jin1

（1College of Horticulture， Shanxi Agricultural University （Institute of Horticulture， Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Taiyuan 030031， Shanxi， China；2Taiyuan Zoo， Taiyuan 030009， Shanxi， China）

Abstract： The study aims to understand the composition and the variation of composition of herbaceous plants along green space and their correlation with environmental impact factors in Yuncheng City. The interspecific correlation and variation rule of the composition of herbaceous plants along green space were analyzed on the basis of field investigation， and data of the relationship between plant distribution and environmental characteristics were studied by canonical correspondence analysis. The results showed that 22 herbaceous plants were found， belonging to 12 families and 19 genera. Almost all species pairs had a certain degree of correlation. Liliaceae was the dominant family， and Iris and Hemerocallis were the dominant genus. Hemerocallis fulva and Iris tectorum， etc. were the dominant species， especially Iris tectorum had the highest important value. The number of herbaceous plant species showed a para-curve distribution mode of“low-highlow”with the increase of green space， and was the highest at green space of 16.40 hm2. The area and landscape type of sample plots had great influence on the distribution of Phragmites communis and Dahlia pinnata. The sample area should be set at least 20 hm2. At last， it was found that among the four environmental characteristics， the surrounding environment and the landscape type were strongly correlated with the distribution of herbaceous plants.

Keywords：YunchengCity；HerbaceousPlants；GreenSpace；EnvironmentalCharacteristics；CorrelationAnalysis

0引言

隨着城镇化进程的快速推进，加快生态建设，拓展绿色宜人的生态空间已成为各个城市绿化建设的新目标，草本植物作为有效覆盖地面的低矮植物，因其具有生长速度快、繁殖能力强、种植范围广、养护管理粗放等特点[1-3]，已成为塑造园林景观、建设生态城市的重要植物素材之一。

自然群落中，植物的生存、分布与环境息息相关，不同生境（温度、水分、海拔和光照等）植物聚生的种类可能不同[4-7]。而在城市绿地建设中，设计师通常会根据绿地特征，以人工群落代替自然群落来营造园林景观，使植物物种多样性还易受到样地面积、景观类型等因素的影响。……