无创呼吸机引发面部压力性损伤的预防性措施研究
2021-02-03左亚如
左亚如
【摘 要】目的:阐述无创机械通气造成面部压力性损伤的原因,并对主要的护理措施和预防措施进行分析。方法:通过中国知网、维普网、万方等网站检索相关文献,总结内容。结果:无创机械通气由于对面部存在压力、摩擦力和剪切力,造成面部的压力性损伤。采取预防性护理措施,包含患者方面、医护人员方面和敷料的使用方法,降低面部压力性损伤的发生率。结论:采取针对性的预防措施,能够有效地降低压力性损伤的发生率。
【关键词】无创机械通气;压力性损伤;护理研究
Study on preventive measures of facial pressure injury caused by noninvasive ventilator
Zuo Yaru
Aerospace Center Hospital ,Beijing 100049,China
【Abstract】Objective:This paper expounds the causes of facial pressure injury caused by non-invasive mechanical ventilation, and analyzes the main nursing and preventive measures.Method:Searching relevant literature and summarizing the content through China HowNet, VIP, Wanfang and other websites. Results:Noninvasive mechanical ventilation causes pressure injury to the face due to pressure, friction and shear force on the face. Taking preventive nursing measures, including patients, medical staff and the use of dressing, to reduce the incidence of facial pressure injury.Conclusion:Taking targeted preventive measures can effectively reduce the incidence of pressure injury.
【Key?Words】Noninvasive mechanical ventilation; Facial pressure injury; Nursing research
無创机械通气,是指需氧患者无需建立人工气道,只是利用鼻罩和口鼻面罩等与正压呼吸机建立通道,进行辅助通气的一种方法。临床广泛地应用于治疗重症哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺疾病以及重症呼吸衰竭患者的治疗中[1]。面部压力性损伤,是面部组织持续受压,导致组织发生血流障碍,细胞缺血、缺氧坏死后引起的皮肤缺损。近年来,其发生率和患病率已经成为临床护理工作的重要指标之一。面部压力性损伤不仅给患者带来痛苦、并发症或死亡,而且延长住院时间,增加医疗费用[2]。
在对临床上需要使用无创机械通气的患者护理中,常常会由于护理措施不当,导致患者面部压力性损伤的产生。无创机械通气患者的面部皮肤长期受压,且鼻部周围的表面皮肤被覆盖的结缔组织少、薄且松弛,很容易产生面部的压疮。结合摩擦力、潮湿及患者因素,会引发面部压力性损失的发生。……
