韩磊 王书平

【摘 要】目的：探討下呼吸道病原体检测中行恒温核酸扩增芯片法的应用价值。方法：收集我院2019年6月至2021年6月108例下呼吸道感染患儿的病原体样本，所有样本病原体均给予恒温核酸扩增芯片法与细菌培养法检测，痰涂片抗酸染色、RNA恒温扩增，结核分枝杆菌检测运用静脉血γ干扰素释放试验。结果：在108例样本中，恒温扩增芯片法检出阳性47例（占43.52%），其中32例仅有1种病原体，6例有2种病原体，4例有3种病原体，1例有4种病原体，1例有5种病原体。在10例结核分枝杆菌标本中，恒温扩增芯片法均检出阳性，SAT-TB检出阳性7例，A·TB检出阳性3例，抗酸染色检出阳性4例。结论：恒温核酸扩增芯片法可同时检出13种病原体，在流感嗜血杆菌与肺炎链球菌中恒温核酸扩增芯片法的检出率显著高于细菌培养，在结核分枝杆菌中恒温核酸扩增芯片法的阳性检出率显著高于γ干扰素释放试验与痰涂片抗酸染色，且恒温核酸扩增芯片法操作简单，结果快速，在小儿下呼吸道感染诊断及指导临床治疗方面具有独特优势。

【关键词】下呼吸道感染；病原体检测；恒温核酸扩增芯片法；阳性检出率

The application value of constant temperature nucleic acid amplification chip method in the detection of lower respiratory tract pathogens

Han Lei1， Wang Shuping2

1. Yinchuan maternal and child Health care Hospital， Yinchuan Ningxia 750001， China； 2. Maternal and child health care Hospital of Ningxia Autonomous Region， Yinchuan Ningxia 750001， China

【Abstract】Objective：To explore the application value of constant temperature nucleic acid amplification chip method in the detection of lower respiratory tract pathogens. Methods： Collecting pathogen samples from 108 children with lower respiratory tract infections in our hospital from June 2019 to June 2021. The pathogens in all samples were tested by constant temperature nucleic acid amplification chip method and bacterial culture method， acid-fast staining of sputum smear， constant temperature amplification of RNA， and venous blood interferon-gamma release test for detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis. Results： Among the 108 samples， 47 cases （43.52%） were positive by the constant temperature amplification chip method， of which 32 cases had only one pathogen， 6 cases had two pathogens， 4 cases had three pathogens， and 1 case had four pathogens， and 1 case has five pathogens. Among the 10 samples of Mycobacterium tuberculosis， the thermostatic nucleic acid amplification chip method was positive， 7 were positive for SAT-TB， 3 were positive for A？TB， and 4 were positive for acid-fast staining. Conclusions： The constant temperature nucleic acid amplification chip method can simultaneously detect 13 pathogens at the same time， the detection rate of the constant temperature nucleic acid amplification chip method in haemophilus influenzae and streptococcus pneumoniae is significantly higher than that of bacterial culture， and the positive detection rate of the constant temperature nucleic acid amplification chip method in mycobacterium tuberculosis is significantly higher than that of γ interferon release test and acid-fast staining of sputum smear，and the constant temperature nucleic acid amplification chip method has the advantages of simple operation and fast results， have unique advantages in the diagnosis of children’s lower respiratory tract infections and the guidance of clinical treatment.

【Key？Words】Lower respiratory tract infection； Pathogen detection； constant temperature nucleic acid amplification chip method； Positive detection rate

下呼吸道感染是儿科临床较为常见的疾病类型，也是导致患儿死亡的主要原因，早期确诊并给予对症治疗是改善预后的关键所在。以往临床常采用细菌培养法来明确病原菌感染类型并指导临床治疗，但敏感性较低，且耗时长，常会耽搁患者最佳治疗时间而导致病情加重[1]。恒温核酸扩增芯片法是利用环介导恒温扩增原理，可同时检测多种病原菌，在下呼吸道感染诊断中具有敏感度高的特点[2]。……