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高原地区无痛分娩的临床观察

2021-02-03尼玛卓嘎

婚育与健康 2021年23期

尼玛卓嘎

【摘 要】目的:高原地区无痛分娩的临床观察。方法:在2020年8月至2021年8月中选取到院进行治疗的患者共360例,随机分组,分别提供未实施无痛分娩(对照组)、无痛分娩(观察组),n=180。对比分析临床效果。结果:观察组不同产程所用时间比对照组少,产后出血量低于对照组,观察组正常评分及轻度窒息例数偏高,自然分娩例数偏高(P<0.05)。结论:对高原地区产妇使用无痛分娩能够缩短各产程用时,减少产后出血量,提高新生儿评分,阴道分娩概率增加。

【关键词】椎管内麻醉;高原地区;无痛分娩

Clinical observation of painless delivery in plateau area

Nima Zhuoga

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lhasa People’s Hospital, Tibet Lhasa 850000, China

【Abstract】Objective:Clinical observation of painless delivery in plateau area.Methods:A total of 360 patients were selected for treatment in the hospital from August 2020 to August 2021.They were randomly divided into groups and provided that they did not perform painless delivery(control group)and painless delivery(observation group),n=180.Comparative analysis of clinical effects.Results:The observation group spent less time in different stages of labor than the control group, and the amount of postpartum hemorrhage was lower than that of the control group. The observation group had a higher normal score and the number of mild asphyxia cases, and the number of cases of natural delivery was higher(P<0.05). Conclusion: The use of painless delivery for parturients in plateau areas can shorten the time spent in each labor process, reduce the amount of postpartum hemorrhage, improve neonatal scores, and increase the probability of vaginal delivery.

【Key?Words】Intraspinal anesthesia; Plateau area; Painless delivery

通常情況下,孕妇在分娩时会经历剧烈疼痛,导致紧张、焦虑等情绪出现,从而引起心肌耗氧量升高、血压升高、分娩和胎儿内环境紊乱等并发症,并对生产过程造成严重后果,增加风险,增加新生儿窒息、产后出血等并发症发生,对生产产生不良影响[1-2]。尤其在高原地区,空气稀薄,氧气含量低,高原地区普遍的氧气状况是否会影响子宫和骨骼肌收缩等问题,国内外也有报道[3-4]。椎管内麻醉是治疗分娩疼痛的传统方法之一,该方法的镇痛效果得到普遍认可。

1.1 一般资料

在2020年8月至2021年8月中选取到院进行治疗的患者共360例,随机分组,分别提供未实施无痛分娩(对照组)、无痛分娩(观察组),n=180。对照组,年龄20岁~46岁,平均年龄(33.10±4.61)岁,孕周37周~42周,平均孕周(39.5±1.1)周。观察组,年龄20岁~46岁,平均年龄(33.10±4.92)岁,孕周37周~42周,平均孕周(39.5±1.3)周。两组资料对比无差异(P>0.05)。

1.2 方法

对照组无镇痛措施;观察组使用无痛分娩,具体如下:首先实施常规消毒,在消毒后创建静脉通道快速注入羟乙基淀粉注射液300 mL~500mL,保持侧卧位,在孕妇宫口开到2cm~3cm时从L2~L3椎间间隙穿刺插入,向头侧置管3cm~4cm。……

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