阮银芳 江子芳 陶丽 陈利珍 李广亮

[摘要] 目的 调查乳腺癌患者在化疗期间焦虑、抑郁及社会支持的关系，探讨社会支持情况对乳腺癌患者化疗期间焦虑、抑郁的影响。 方法 采用问卷形式，选取2020年2—4月在本院行化疗的160例女性乳腺癌患者，采用汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA，≥8 分为可疑焦虑）、汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD，≥8 分为可疑抑郁）和社会支持评定量表分别调查患者的焦虑、抑郁和社会支持情况。用单样本资料的t检验对化疗后乳腺癌患者社会支持与国内常模进行比较;用 Pearson相关分析社会支持与焦虑、抑郁的关系。 结果 乳腺癌患者在化疗期间社会支持总分为（40.80±10.11）分，主观支持总分为（25.27±5.36）分，客观支持总分为（9.25±2.90）分，支持利用度总分为（7.03±2.02）分。结果显示，乳腺癌患者焦虑、抑郁与社会支持总分、支持利用程度呈负相关（P<0.05）。 结论 社会支持与乳腺癌患者化疗期间焦虑、抑郁负性情绪有相关性，良好的社会支持能有效缓解抑郁、焦虑情绪。

[关键词] 乳腺癌;焦虑;抑郁;社会支持

[中图分类号] R473.73          [文献标识码] B          [文章编号] 1673-9701（2021）32-0185-03

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the relationship between anxiety， depression and social support in patients with breast cancer during chemotherapy， and to analyze the effect of social support on anxiety and depression. Methods A total of 160 female patients with breast cancer who underwent chemotherapy in our hospital from February to April 2020 were selected as research objects in the form of Sojump. Hamilton anxiety scale（HAMA， ≥8 points as suspicious anxiety）， Hamilton depression scale （HAMD， ≥8 points as suspicious depression） and social support rating scale were used to investigate the anxiety， depression and social support of the patients. t test of single-sample data was conducted to compare social support with national norm in patients with breast cancer after chemotherapy. Pearson correlation was used to analyze the correlation between social support and anxiety and depression. Results The total scores of social support， subjective support， objective support and utilization of support were （40.80±10.11） points， （25.27±5.36） points， （9.25±2.90） points and （7.03±2.02） points， respectively. The results showed that anxiety and depression were negatively correlated with the total score of social support and the degree of support utilization（P<0.05）. Conclusion There is a correlation between social support and negative anxiety and depression during chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer. Good social support can effectively alleviate depression and anxiety.

[Key words] Breast cancer; Anxiety; Depression; Social support

乳腺癌是女性常見的恶性肿瘤之一，近几年发病率逐年上升，不仅影响女性的身心健康，更降低了患者的生存质量[1]，手术是目前治疗乳腺癌的主要方式，化疗则是重要辅助方式[2]。乳腺癌患者手术后身体形象的缺失，化疗后恶心、呕吐、骨髓抑制等副作用，容易引发患者焦虑、抑郁等不良情绪。不良的情绪更影响了乳腺癌患者的治疗、康复及生活质量。良好的社会支持与患者的心理健康密切相关[3]，可减轻乳腺癌患者化疗期间的焦虑、抑郁情绪，增加患者对治疗的配合度，有利于促进患者康复，提高生活质量。……