赵文英　于良娟　谢威　祖培福

摘 要：构建测量城镇化水平的综合指标体系，评价我国城镇化水平.采用“主成分-模糊综合评价法（PCA-FUZZY）”对我国2004-2017年的城镇化水平进行综合评价.结果表明：我国城镇化水平呈现稳步增长;国家需要在提高就业率和增加城市绿化面积问题上加大投入力度.主成分-模糊综合评价法去除了指标间信息重叠的问题，将具有不明确意义的主成分进行模糊综合评价，避免了两种方法的一些缺点，其评价结果可信度更高.

关键词：城镇化;PCA-FUZZY法;指标体系;综合评价

[中图分类号]F727   [文献标志码]A

Application of Improved Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method in

Comprehensive Evaluation of Urbanization Development Level

ZHAO Wenying，YU Liangjuan，XIE Wei，ZU Peifu

（School of Mathematical Science，Mudanjiang Normal College，Mudanjiang 157011，China）

Abstract：In order to measure the level of urbanization in China，the comprehensive index system has been constructed.Principal component fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method （PCA-FUZZY） is adopted to evaluate the urbanization level of China from 2004 to 2017.The results show that the level of urbanization in China is increasing steadily;At the same time，the state also needs to increase investment in improving employment rate and increasing urban green area;In the PCA-FUZZY method，the problem of overlapping information between indicators is eliminated，and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of principal components with unclear meaning is carried out，which avoids some shortcomings of the two methods，and its evaluation results have higher credibility.

Key words：urbanization;PCA-FUZZY method;index system;comprehensive evaluation

我國的经济和社会发展取得了举世瞩目的重大成就，城镇化水平也随之有了显著提高.城镇化是乡村变成城镇的一个复杂过程，是衡量一个国家和地区经济社会发展的主要标志[1-5].城镇化过程是一个包含着社会众多方面指标改变的复杂过程，有必要对各项指标进行有效评价.笔者采用“主成分-模糊综合评价法”对我国2004-2017年的城镇化水平进行评价和分析，提出进一步提高我国城镇化水平的建议.

1 指标体系与评价方法的构建

1.1 指标体系的构建

城镇化过程不仅包含了城市的变化过程，也包含了农村农民的变化过程.[2]笔者结合社会学、人口学、经济学、地理学的城镇化定义，将城镇化评价指标体系定为经济城镇化、人口城镇化、居民生活城镇化、环境城镇化、科技城镇化、农村和农民城镇化六方面，每方面选取表征本类典型的正向指标……