中医隐喻术语外译名实选择论
2021-01-22陈媛



摘 要:中医语言是一种基于隐喻认知的语言,中医术语隐喻化现象突出。文章聚焦中医隐喻术语外译的名实问题,考察译名与译实的需要和实际状况,分析其原因,探究其影响,并进一步指出:译名加译实的方式是可取的折中之法,利于传达隐喻术语概念意义和保留中医文化形象,有助于中医术语推广和中医文化对外传播。
关键词:中医隐喻术语;外译;名实
中图分类号:H315.9;R2-09 文献标识码:A DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1673-8578.2021.01.004
Name or Nature: Translation of TCM Metaphorical Terms//CHEN Yuan
Abstract: The language of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is based on metaphor, and metaphorization in TCM terms is very common, which reflects TCM cognitive system. This paper focuses on the choices of translating the name (symbolic meaning) or the nature (conceptual meaning) of TCM metaphorical terms from the aspects of theory and practice, and attempts to analyze the reasons and influences. Our conclusion indicates that combination of name (symbolic meaning) and nature (conceptual meaning) is a compromise as well as a better way to preserve the cultural image of TCM and to convey the conceptual meaning, which is helpful to promote TCM terminology and to spread TCM culture into the outside world.
Keywords:TCM metaphorical terms; translation; name and nature
收稿日期:2020-06-30
基金項目:广东省教育科学“十三五”规划2019年度高校哲学社会科学粤港澳大湾区建设和“一带一路”问题研究专项“粤港澳大湾区中医外译多模态大众化传播模式研究”(2019GXJK064);广州中医药历史文化研究基地2020年立项课题 “岭南中医药文化多模态外译研究(1949—2019)”(Y202011)
引言
隐喻是人们认识事物的一种思维方式,是透过已知、熟悉、具体的概念去认识未知、陌生、抽象概念的认知方式。术语隐喻化是专业概念通过隐喻转义来表达其意义的过程[1]。中医语言是一种基于隐喻认知的语言[2],中医术语的隐喻化现象突出。据统计,全国科学技术名词审定委员会(后文简称“名词委”)2004年公布的《中医药学名词》中,中医基础理论和针灸学的隐喻术语分别占75%和59%[3]。隐喻术语包含喻体(符号意义)和本体(概念意义),二者关系隐藏于文字背后,外译时应该译名(喻体)还是译实(本体)始终困扰译者。
本文聚焦中医隐喻术语翻译问题,考察译名与译实的理论需求和实际状况,分析原因,探究影响。……
