基因多态性作为诊断及预防种植体周围炎的生物标记物研究进展
2021-01-16裴培姬晓伟韩祥祯何惠宇
裴 培 姬晓伟 韩祥祯 何惠宇
[关键词]種植体周围炎;单核苷酸多态性;白细胞介素;肿瘤坏死因子-α;金属基质蛋白酶
[中图分类号]R782.12 [文献标志码]A [文章编号]1008-6455(2021)12-0182-04
Gene Polymorphism as Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Prevention of Peri-implantitis
PEI Pei1,2, JI Xiao-wei1,2,HAN Xiang-zhen1,2, HE Hui-yu1,2
(1.Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054,Xinjiang, China; 2. Institute of Stomatology, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830011,Xinjiang,China)
Abstract: Implant has become the first choice for most patients with missing tooth, although the success rate of implant is over 90%, but there are few patients who is suffering implants failure because of peri-implant inflammation each year. Peri-implantitis is regarded as a multi-factor disease, it cannot be explained by exogenous factors alone, there are a number of studies reported the relationship between SNPs (Single nucleotide polymorphism, SNP) and peri-implantitis. In order to find new molecular diagnostic markers, we discussed the inflammatory factors which have been studied extensively at domestic and overseas (IL, TNF-α, MMP.etc) between gene polymorphism and susceptibility to Peri-implantitis, evaluated the feasibility of biomarkers and hope to provide a new idea for the diagnosis and prevention of peri-implantitis.
Key words: peri-implantitis; single nucleotide polymorphism; interleukin; tumor necrosis factor-α; matrix metalloproteinase
近30年来,基于骨整合理论种植体的成功应用为部分和全牙列缺失的患者带来了良好的治疗效果,种植修复的成功率已超过90%;但种植体周围炎的发生仍然是修复失败,并引起植体脱落的重要因素[1]。许多全身性和局部性的因素,如:致病菌、口腔卫生不良、吸烟和饮酒,都与种植体周围炎的发生有关[2]。但部分患者的种植体丢失并不能单独用外源性因素来解释,一些现象提示遗传风险因素的存在,例如当患者暴露于类似的危险因素时,种植体周围炎的发生往往聚集在某些个体之中,即:一个遭受过种植体失败的患者往往口内也会出现其他植体的失败[3]。炎症基因中单核苷酸多态性(SNP)的存在被认为是影响宿主遗传多样性的重要因素,通过表达水平或氨基酸序列的微小差异,进而调控转录水平和细胞因子基因的表达[4],使个体对致病菌感染的炎症反应程度不一,造成体内局部炎症因子的浓度与水平也不尽相同,所以,针对不同炎症因子SNP的研究一直是大家掌握疾病易感性差异的基础。目前,关于种植体周围炎的候选基因主要来自于两方面:一方面将种植体周围炎患者体液(血清、唾液及龈沟液)内水平增高的炎症因子作为研究对象,研究其启动子或外显子等功能区域的SNP位点;考虑到与牙周炎病理状况相似,另一方面则是基于在牙周炎中证实有关联的SNP位点。……
