许 云　程金梅　苗 佳

[关键词]症状干预;灵性照护;异种脱细胞真皮基质;MEEK植皮;大面积烧伤;临床效果

[中图分类号]R622+.1    [文献标志码]B    [文章编号]1008-6455（2021）12-0166-04

Effect of Symptom Intervention Combined with Spiritual Care on the Recovery Period in Patients with Heterogeneous Acellular Dermal Matrix Combined with MEEK Skin Transplantation for Extensive Burn

XU Yun，CHENG Jin-mei，MIAO Jia

（Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery，Huai’an First People’s Hospital，Huai’an 223300，Jiangsu，China）

Abstract： Objective  To explore the effect of symptomatic intervention combined with spiritual care on the recovery period in patients with extensive burns treated by heterogeneous acellular dermal matrix and MEEK skin transplantation. Methods  From June 2017 to July 2019， 80 patients with heterogeneous acellular dermal matrix combined with MEEK skin transplantation for extensive burns were recruited in our hospital. According to the random number table method， they were divided into the observation group （42 cases） and the control group （38 cases）. The control group received symptomatic intervention， and the observation group received extra spiritual care on the basis of the control group. After 3 months of nursing， the pain degree， exudation degree， odor level and quality of life of the two groups were observed. Results After intervention， the pain degree of the observation group was lower than that of the control group， and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）; the degree of exudation in the observation group was lower than that of the control group （P<0.05）， the odor level of the observation group was better than that of the control group （P<0.05） ）. The quality of life scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group （P<0.05）. Conclusion  Symptom intervention combined with spiritual care can effectively alleviate the pain and odor in the recovery period of patients with extensive burns repaired by xenogeneic acellular dermal matrix combined with MEEK skin transplantation， and reduce exudate， thereby improving the quality of life， and the clinical effect is better.

Key words： symptomatic intervention; spiritual care; heterogeneous acellular dermal matrix; MEEK skin transplantation restoration; extensive burns; clinical effect

護理干预在很多疾病中都起着举足轻重的作用。临床医生在使用异种脱细胞真皮基质联合MEEK植皮来治疗大面积烧伤的患者时，由于创口愈合时间较长，后续恢复期间容易出现恶化，因此需要进行有效症状干预及心理护理干预，以提高患者治愈率。症状干预主要通过6个步骤进行，以减轻患者疼痛、控制感染及渗液为核心。而心理护理干预中灵性照护则是帮助患者控制情绪，减少负面心理。临床上一般都单独使用这两种干预，而对两种方式联合应用报道较少，因此本研究着重探讨症状干预联合灵性照护对异种脱细胞真皮基质联合MEEK植皮大面积烧伤患者恢复期的效果。

1  资料和方法

1.1 一般资料：选取2017年6月-2019年7月笔者医院烧伤整形科收治的80例异种脱细胞真皮基质联合MEEK植皮大面积烧伤患者进行研究。纳入标准：①患者符合《中华医学会烧伤外科学分会2019年学术年会纪要》[1]中关于Ⅱ度（11%～30%）、Ⅲ度烧伤（10%～20%）诊断标准，烧伤总体表面积10%～30%;②患者均接受异种脱细胞真皮基质联合MEEK植皮治疗;③患者无精神类疾病或沟通障碍;④患者及家属知情并签署知情同意书。排除标准：①患者患有恶性肿瘤;②患者存在严重心、肝、肾等器质性病变;③患者出现严重休克。根据随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组。观察组42例，男38例，女4例;年龄25～62岁，平均年龄（43.78±4.97）岁;烧……