程芳芳 李红卫 余辉 刘伟斌 李豪 李荣

摘要：河南地区冬春季节，由于阴、雨、雪、雾、霾等天气的影响，大棚内光照不足的现象较为严重，影响草莓产量和品质。本研究在大棚草莓生产基地进行补光试验，选取高压钠灯和LED植物生长灯，观测不同补光方式对大棚草莓营养生长、叶绿素含量、产量和糖度的影響，结果表明：2种补光方式对棚内增温都有效果，高压钠灯增温效果更为明显；2种光源对草莓株高、叶片长和叶片宽均无明显影响；2种光源对增加草莓植株叶绿素含量均有明显效果，与对照相比，均达极显著水平；2种光源补光后，草莓可溶性固形物含量与对照相比均有提高，高压钠灯补光后增加效果更为显著。

关键词：大棚；草莓；补光；叶绿素；可溶性固形物含量；产量

中图分类号：S627文献标志码：A论文编号：cjas19040025

基金项目：中国气象局/河南省农业气象保障与应用技术重点开放实验室开放研究基金项目“不同补光方式对大棚草莓产量和品质的影响及经济效益分析研究”（AMF201710）。

Effect of Supplementary Lights on Strawberry Production in Greenhouse

Cheng Fangfang1，2， Li Hongwei2， Yu Hui2， Liu Weibin3， Li Hao3， Li Rong2

（1CMA/ Henan Key Laboratory of Agrometeorological Ensuring and Applied Technique， Zhengzhou 450012， Henan， China；

2Zhengzhou Meteorological Bureau， Zhengzhou 450012， Henan， China；

3Dengfeng Mount Song Meteorological Station， Dengfeng 452470， Henan， China）

Abstract： During winter and early spring， sunlight deficiency greatly influences the yield and quality of strawberry in Henan Province， mainly resulting from less sunshine weathers such as cloud， rain， snow， fog， haze and so on. In this study， the high pressure sodium lamp and the LED lighting were selected for supplementary light test in a strawberry production base. The effects of different ways of light supplement on vegetative growth， chlorophyll content， yield and fruit sugar content of strawberry were observed. The results showed that the two ways of light supplement had effect on temperature increase in greenhouse， and the effect of high pressure sodium lamp was more obvious. There was no significant effect of the two light sources on strawberry plant height， leaf length and leaf width. Both light sources had significant effect on increasing the chlorophyll content of strawberry plants， which reached extremely significant level compared with the control. The soluble solid content of strawberry was higher than that of the control after light supplement with two light sources， and the effect was more significant with high pressure sodium lamp.

Keywords： Greenhouse； Strawberry； Supplementary Light； Chlorophyll Content， Soluble Solid Content； Yield

0引言

草莓为喜光植物，若光照不足，植株生长发育受阻，严重影响草莓产量和品质[1]。河南冬春季节，由于阴、雨、雪、雾、霾等天气的影响，大棚内光照不足，严重影响草莓正常生长。例如，从2015年11月6日起，郑州地区出现了持续近1个月的阴雨（雪）寡照灾害天气，致使草莓生长受阻，发育迟缓，上市时间推迟，产量下降，品质较差，种植户遭受到严重的经济损失。

关于光照对草莓影响的研究，相关学者主要从寡照胁迫[2-5]、影响机理[6-8]、大棚补光[9-14]3个方面进行研究。……