赵晓丽 吴菲 罗艳侠

【摘要】目的  分析順义区2013-2020年6岁以下儿童营养性疾病状况，探讨其发病趋势，对未来制定儿童保健政策提供依据。  方法  收集2013-2020年顺义区妇幼卫生年报资料，采用SPSS20.0软件经卡方检验、趋势卡方检验对数据进行分析。结果 2013-2020年顺义区6岁以下儿童营养不良患病率为0.64%，且呈上升趋势（c2=265.343，p<0.05），城区儿童营养不良患病率为0.69%;农村儿童营养不良患病率为0.58%。顺义区6岁以下儿童超重/肥胖患病率为11.6%，且呈上升趋势（c2=3207.75，P<0.001 ），城区儿童超重患病率为9.58%，肥胖患病率为3.28%;农村儿童超重患病率为8.24%，肥胖患病率为2.92%。顺义区0-6岁本市儿童以0-2岁组营养不良及肥胖率患病率较高;外地儿童以0-1岁组营养不良患病率较高，0-2岁组肥胖患病率较高。结论：顺义区2013-2020年6岁以下儿童营养不良患病率及超重/肥胖患病率呈现上升趋势，且以0-2岁组患病率较高，提示要加强顺义区儿童营养不良及超重肥胖的宣传教育，尤其要加强生命早期1000天的宣传教育，为儿童一生的发展奠定良好的基础。

【关键词】营养不良;超重;肥胖

Analysis of nutritional diseases in children under 6 years old

from 2013 to 2020 in Shunyi District

ZHAO Xiao-li*，WU Fei，LUO YANG-xia

（*School of Public Health， Capital Medical University，Beijing 100069，China.

Banqiao Community Health Service Center， Zhaoquanying Town， Shunyi District， Beijing）

Corresponding author：LUO YANG-xia，E-mail：lyx100@ccum.edu.cn

Abstract  Objective   To analyze the nutritional diseases of children under 6 years old in Shunyi District from 2013 to 2020，and to explore the

trend of its incidence in order to  provide the basis for the future development of child health policy. Methods  Data of Maternal and child health annual report in Shunyi District from 2013 to 2019 were collected and the reports were analyzed  by  Chi-square and trend Chi-square test.Results  From 2013 to 2020， the malnutrition prevalence rate of children under 6 years old in Shunyi district was 0.64%，and the trend is on the rise（c2=3207.75，P<0.001 ），the prevalence of malnutrition among urban children was 0.69%，among rural children was 0.58%.The prevalence of overweight/obesity among children under 6 years old in Shunyi district was 11.6%，and the trend is on the rise（c2=3207.75，P<0.001 ）.The prevalence of overweight and obesity in urban children was 9.58% and 3.28% respectively，the prevalence of overweight and obesity in rural children was 8.24% and 2.92% respectively.Shunyi district 0 to 6 years old children in the city with 0-2 years old group of malnutrition and obesity prevalence is higher，The prevalence of malnutrition was higher in the 0-1 year old group， and the prevalence of obesity was higher in the 0-2 year old migrant children group.Conclusions The prevalence of malnutrition and overweight/obesity in children under 6 years of age showed an increasing trend from 2013 to 2020in Shunyi District，and the prevalence rate was higher in 0-2 years old group.It is suggested to strengthen the propaganda and education of children malnutrition and overweight obesity in Shunyi District，in particular， propaganda and education should be strengthened in the early 1000 days of life to lay a good foundation for the development of children's whole life.

Keywords  malnutrition;overweight;obesity

儿童健康水平是衡量一个国家经济社会发展和社会文明进步的重要指标。儿童期是人生长发育的奠基阶段，0-5岁是儿童生长发育的重要阶段，对营养素的要求较高，但不适当的营养补充易造成营养不足或营养过剩，二者都属于营养性疾病的范畴。为了了解北京市顺义区0-6岁儿童的营养性疾病变化趋势，对日后儿童保健工作的开展提供参考，现收集2013年9月1-2020年8月31日北京市顺义区各社区卫生服务中心上报的0-6岁儿童保健年报数据，分析0-6岁儿童营养不良、肥胖的发病变化趋势。……