如何巧用There/It be 句型
2021-01-13张洁
张洁
关于There be 和It be 的句型,是高中英语语法中学生感觉最易混淆的两种句型,笔者搜集了一些实例,现将这两种句型进行较为详尽的归纳,以帮助学生巧用这两个句型。
一.There be 句型(按结构分)
1. There be + n. 意为 “有……” (之后如有几个并列主语,be动词的选择取决于第一个主语,即就近原则)
(1) There is a duck and two geese on his farm. 他的农场有一只鸭两只鹅。
(2) There are two geese and a duck on his farm. 他的农场有两只鹅一只鸭。
2. There is (no) need to do sth. 意为 “(没)有必要做某事”
There is no need to pick at him all day long. He’s a child after all. 不要老是对他唠唠叨叨,他毕竟还是个孩子嘛!
3. There is (no) hope/chance/possibility of doing sth. 意為 “(没)有……的希望/可能性”
(1)His condition is getting steadily worse, and there is no hope of his recovering from his liver failure. 他的情况越来越糟糕,恐怕没有希望从肝衰竭中康复了。
(2)Is there any chance of Trump’s being elected President again? 川普有可能再次当选总统吗?
4. There is (no) difficulty/trouble/point/sense/delay (in) doing sth意为“做某事(没)有困难/意义/延迟”
(1) There is difficulty in helping her brush off anxiety.很难帮她摆脱焦虑。
(2) There is no point tossing a coin to make a decision.抛硬币来作决定是没有意义的。
5. There is no doubt/guarantee/saying/telling/knowing/denying + that/which-clause 意为“ ……毫无疑问/无法保证/很难说/难以预测/没法知道/不可否认”
(1)There is no doubt that he is in a good mood. 毫无疑问他心情很不错。
(2) There is no saying whether he got cross with you or not. 他有没有生你的气很难说。
(3) There is no denying that I was half dead with fear on seeing that snake. 不可否认我看到蛇时吓得要命。
二.It be 句型(按意义分)
1. 与时间有关
(1) It is/has been + 时间段 + since + 一般过去时
注意:如果since后的动词是短暂性动词,意为“自从…以来已多久了”;如果是持续性动词,意为“不做……已经多久了”。
例句:It is/has been 3 years since he began to work here as an associate professor. 他在这儿当副教授三年了。
It is/has been 3 years since he worked here as an associate professor.他不在这儿当副教授三年了。
(2)It will (not) be + 时间段+ before + 一般现在时 意为 “要过一段时间才会……(要不了……就……)”
例句:It will be nearly a month before I get the result of my application. I’m feeling like sitting on pins and needles every day. 要一个多月后才能收到我申请的结果,我每天都如坐针毡。
(3) It was (not) + 时间段 + before + 一般过去时 意为“过了一段时间就…(没过多久就…)”
例句:It was not long before he tiptoed out of the conference hall. 不久他就蹑手蹑脚地溜出了会议室。
(4) It was + 点时间 + when + 一般过去时 意为“当…时候”
例句:It was 3am when the storm poured down. 暴雨倾盆而下时是凌晨三点。
(5)It was + 时间状语 + that + 一般过去时 (强调句)
