探析低年级科学课材料的选择与运用
2021-01-13宾雨李丽姣
宾雨 李丽姣
摘要小学科学教育倡导在“玩”中学科学,强调以探究为主要的学习方式,让学生在解决实际问题的过程中经历思维发展的过程。低年级学生形象思维占据主导地位,这决定了低年级科学课有必要最大化地使用真实可见的材料。科学实验材料的优化选择和运用对学生科学实践意义重大,它会直接影响学生对实验探究的兴趣和参与的积极性,要想学生全身心地投入到科学探究实验中,科学教师必须突出实验材料的可操作性、生活性、趣味性和结构性,让探究活动更有效地进行。
关键词 低年级 学生 科学课 实验材料
中图分类号:G424文献标识码:ADOI:10.16400/j.cnki.kjdk.2021.30.006
On the Selection and Application of Science Course Materials in Lower Grades
——Taking the teaching of "Force and Deformation" as an example
BIN Yu[1], LI Lijiao[2]
([1] Zhuzhou Hetang District Xingguang Primary School, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412011;
[2] Zhuzhou Hetang District Xinghe Primary School, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412003)
Abstract: Primary school science education advocates "playing" in learning science, emphasizes inquiry as the main learning method, and allows students to experience the process of thinking development in the process of solving practical problems. The image thinking of junior students occupies a dominant position, which deter? mines that it is necessary to maximize the use of real and visible materials in Junior Science classes. The opti? mal selection and application of scientific experimental materials is of great significance to students’ scientific practice. It will directly affect students’ interest in experimental inquiry and enthusiasm of participation. In or? der for students to devote themselves to scientific inquiry experiments, science teachers must highlight the opera? bility, life, interest and structure of experimental materials, so as to make inquiry activities more effective.
Keywords: lower grade; students; science course; experimental materials
低年級学生形象思维占据主导地位,这决定了低年级科学课有必要最大化地使用真实可见的材料。同时,小学科学教育倡导在“玩”中学科学,强调以探究为主要的学习方式,让学生在解决实际问题的过程中经历思维发展的过程。探究活动需要依托材料为载体,在材料的选择与运用中往往存在许多让科学教师头痛的问题,如:材料品种杂而琐碎,缺乏典型性;材料关注点多,缺乏侧重性;材料结构复杂,难以获取,缺乏方便性;材料呈现的时机不当,缺乏结构性。如何灵活地选择材料并合理运用,让探究活动更有效地进行呢?
在执教湘版《科学》二年级《力与形变》一课时,教师主要针对科学材料做文章,以“科学材料的选择与运用”为主要教学策略,渗透于课堂教学过程之中,取得一定的成效。……
