罗天文

[摘    要]随着我国经济的高速发展及对于环保问题的重视，燃气轮机以其占地面积小、联合循环效率高、启停调峰快速灵活、污染排放少等优点，正逐步占据我国电力市场份额。但目前国内对于重型燃气轮机的研究尚处于起步阶段，尤其是对于关键备品备件，主要依赖进口。对于燃气轮机的检修，特别是燃气轮机本体部分的检修与维护，大部分国内燃气轮机电厂还完全依赖于西门子，GE等燃气轮机制造商的检修团队。文章分析了燃气轮机运行中存在缺陷及检修过程，对国内燃气轮机电厂检修工作起到借鉴作用。

[关键词]燃气轮机;运行缺陷;检修;维护

[中图分类号]TM611.31 [文献标志码]A [文章编号]2095–6487（2021）11–00–02

Analysis of Defects and Maintenance Process of Heavy Gas Turbine

Luo Tian-wen

[Abstract]With the rapid development of China's economy and attention to environmental protection， gas turbine is gradually occupying China's power market share with its advantages of small floor area， high combined cycle efficiency， fast and flexible start-up and stop peak shaving and less pollution emission. However， the domestic research on heavy-duty gas turbine is still in its infancy， especially for key spare parts， which mainly rely on import. For the maintenance of gas turbine， especially the inspection and maintenance of gas turbine body， most domestic gas turbine electromechanical plants also completely rely on the maintenance teams of gas turbine manufacturers such as Siemens and Ge. This paper analyzes the defects and maintenance process in the operation of gas turbine， which can be used as a reference for the maintenance of domestic gas turbine electromechanical plants.

[Keywords]gas turbine; operational defects;overhaul;maintain

1 燃气轮机小修状态描述

燃气轮机检修根据EOH（等效运行时间）分为小修（燃烧室检查）、中修（热通道检查）及大修（整体检查及转子维修）。其中，EOH=实际运行时间+等效启停次数×一次启停等效运行时间。等效启停次数=正常启停次数+甩负荷等效启停次数+紧急停机等效启停次数+快速变负荷等效启停次数。

笔者工厂使用燃气轮机为德国西门子SGT5-2000E（V94.2）重型燃气轮机，由西门子KWU公司设计制造，采用单轴、单缸、轴向排气，冷端驱动，双轴承支撑（压气机端为径向/支持联合轴承）;燃气轮机由压气机、燃烧室及透平组成。压气机和透平为多级轴流设计，压气机共16级，压比11.7，入口导叶（IGV）可调，透平为4级。两个侧立燃烧室，共16个组合式燃气喷嘴，内置陶瓷遮热板，每个燃烧室配置两个火焰探测器，监视燃烧状况。……