闫铁军 马晓寒 庞哲 张豫丹 许自成 周红审 周平 刘文锋 邵惠芳

摘 要：为明确各烟区烟叶化学成分与感官舒适性的关系和规律性，利用相关分析、主成分分析和聚类分析对东北、东南、黄淮、西南和长江中上游5个产区170个烟样的化学成分与感官舒适性数据进行分析。结果表明，还原糖、总糖等与舒适性呈显著正相关关系，总植物碱和总氮与感官指标呈显著负相关关系，钾氯比与流畅、干净指标呈正相关关系。对其指标进行主成分分析，筛选出4个主成分因子，分别为感官因子、浓度因子、香气因子和刺激因子。通过各烟区烟叶的得分进行聚类分析，依据烟叶化学和感官舒适性将全国烟区划分为3部分：西南烟区和长江中下游烟区，东北烟区和黄淮烟区，东南烟区。各烟区在化学和感官指标上呈现差异性和相似性，并在全国存在一定分布规律，对我国烟区特征划分、提高各区烟叶内在品质具有较大意义。

关键词：烤烟;化学成分;感官舒适性;主成分分析;聚类分析

Abstract： The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between the chemical composition of tobacco leaves and sensory comfort in each tobacco area. Correlation analysis， principal component and cluster analysis were used to analyze the chemical composition and sensory comfort data of tobacco samples from 5 producing areas in Northeast， Southeast， Huanghuai， Southwest and the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River. The results showed that reducing sugars， total sugars were significantly positively correlated， total plant alkaloids and total nitrogen were significantly negatively correlated with sensory indicators， and potassium-chloride ratio was positively correlated with fluency and cleanliness indicators. Principal component analysis was performed on its indicators， and four principal component factors were screened out， namely sensory factor， concentration factor， aroma factor and stimulating factor. Then cluster analysis was performed by calculating the scores of each tobacco area， and the chemical and sensory indicators of the tobacco areas were divided into three parts： the southwest and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River; the northeast and the Huanghuai area; the southeast tobacco area. The results show that each tobacco area presents differences and similarities in chemical and sensory indicators， and has a certain distribution pattern throughout the country， which is of great significance for the division of tobacco areas in the country and the improvement of the intrinsic quality of tobacco leaves in each area.

Keywords： flue cured tobacco; chemical composition; sensory comfort; principal component analysis; cluster analysis

隨着市场和消费者对卷烟制品需求的提高，感官舒适性成为重要的指标，同时也是判定工业企业产品质量的核心指标。烟叶的化学成分是其质量和风格的物质基础，而感官舒适性与化学成分之间存在着复杂的关系，两者作为不同类别的关键指标构成评价烟叶内在质量和可用性的标准[1]。目前关于烟叶化学成分与感官舒适性的关系有较多研究，常爱霞等[2]研究了烤烟主要化学成分与感官质量的相关性，发现两糖比和两糖差与感官质量关系较密切。……