APP下载

烟草青枯病发病土壤理化性状及细菌群落结构分析

2021-01-09樊俊谭军王瑞邓建强张继光徐大兵施河丽向必坤

中国烟草科学 2021年6期
关键词:群落结构烟草

樊俊 谭军 王瑞 邓建强 张继光 徐大兵 施河丽 向必坤

摘 要:为了解土壤理化性状及细菌群落结构与青枯病发生的关系,在湖北恩施典型烟区采集了160个植烟土壤(82个未发病土壤,78个发病土壤),检测了土壤理化指标,并采用16S rRNA基因测序技术分析了烟株发病与未发病根际土壤细菌群落结构的差异。结果表明:(1)与未发病土壤相比,发病土壤细菌群落结构多样性更高。(2)发病土壤劳尔氏菌属(Ralstonia solanacearum)相对丰度显著高于未发病土壤,而鞘氨醇单胞菌属(Sphingomonas)、节杆菌属(Arthrobacter)和假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)相对丰度则相反。(3)青枯病的发生使土壤微生物网络结构更复杂而稳定性降低,并改变了部分核心点位细菌种类。(4)典范对应分析(CCA)表明,土壤pH和速效磷(AP)可能是影响烟草青枯病发生的重要土壤因子。综上所述,土壤pH、AP与细菌Sphingomonas、Arthrobacter、Pseudomonas相对丰度的增加和Ralstonia相对丰度的降低可能是减少烟田青枯病发病的关键因素。

关键词:土壤;烟草;青枯病;细菌;群落结构;网络分析

Abstract: In order to understand the relationship between soil physical and chemical properties, bacterial community structure and bacterial wilt, the physical and chemical indexes of 160 tobacco growing soils (82 rhizosphere soils of non-infected and 78 rhizosphere soils infected by bacterial wilt) were tested, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing technology was used to analyze the differences of bacterial community structure of the soils. The results showed that: (1) Compared with non-infected soils, the diversity of soil bacterial increased with the infection of tobacco bacterial wilt. (2) The relative abundance of Ralstonia was significantly improved in the rhizosphere soils infected by bacterial wilt, while Sphingomonas, Arthrobacter and Pseudomonas were of the opposite effects. (3) The complexity of microbial network structure was enhanced, while the stability decreased and the type of bacteria at the core point changed in rhizosphere soils with the infection of tobacco bacterial wilt. (4) CCA analysis indicated that soil pH and available phosphorus (AP) were the important factors affecting the occurrence of bacterial wilt. In conclusion, the increase of soil pH, AP and relative abundance of Sphingomonas, Arthrobacter, Pseudomonas and the decrease of Ralstonia might be the key factors to reduce the incidence of bacterial wilt in tobacco field.

Keywords: soil; tobacco; bacterial wilt; bacterial; community structure; network analysis

勞尔氏菌(Ralstonia solanacearum)是一种土传细菌,具有广泛的寄主范围,可侵染50多科450余种植物[1],其引起的烟草青枯病(Tobacco bacterial wilt)是危害我国烟草生产的主要病害之一。青枯劳尔氏菌通过根部伤口、根尖或次生根侵染烟株,最终定殖于木质部,继而产生大量的胞外多糖堵塞维管束组织,造成叶片萎蔫、发黄坏死,最终导致烟株死亡[2]。我国烟区青枯病发病率呈逐年升高趋势,据统计全国2015年青枯病发病面积达到8.67万hm2左右,造成了巨大的经济损失[3]。

近年来,随着16S rRNA基因测序等分子生物技术的快速发展,越来越多的学者开始关注青枯病害与土壤细菌之间的关系[4]。……

登录APP查看全文

猜你喜欢

群落结构烟草
烟草具有辐射性?
海南省红树林区浮游动物多样性的初步研究
海南省红树林区大型底栖动物多样性的初步研究
烟草依赖的诊断标准
烟草中茄酮的富集和应用
济南流域春季浮游植物多样性的研究
济南流域轮虫群落结构及多样性的研究
黄河兰州市区段浮游动物群落结构调查及水质初步评价
浑河流域硅藻群落多样性的研究
烟草镜头与历史真实