甘金佳 毛玲莉 蒋水元 尹华田 孙成荣 潘美学

摘要 以“格雷”番茄品种为材料，研究施用以EM菌发酵的有机肥对番茄植株生长、产量以及品质的影响。结果表明，施用有机肥能促进番茄茎粗的增长，但对番茄株高和叶片数量无显著促进作用。相较于施用常规发酵有机肥的处理，施用以EM菌发酵的有机肥的番茄单果重更大，其单株产量也显著高于施用常规发酵有机肥的处理。相比于CK处理，施用有机肥的4个处理均能显著提高番茄可溶性糖和维生素C含量，同时降低有机酸和硝酸盐含量，而施用以EM菌发酵的有机肥相较于施用常规发酵的有机肥，对提高维生素C含量和降低番茄硝酸盐含量的作用更加显著。综上，施用以EM菌发酵的有机肥种植番茄，可以促进番茄生长，提高番茄产量和品质。

关键词 番茄;EM菌;有机肥;生长;产量;品质

中图分类号 S641.2  文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611（2021）24-0178-04

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.24.043

Effects of Organic Fertilizer Fermented by EM on Growth，Yield and Quality of Tomato

GAN Jin-jia1，MAO Ling-li2，JIANG Shui-yuan1  et  al （1.Guangxi Institute of Botany，Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences，Guilin，Guangxi 541006;2.Guilin Agricultural Science Research Center，Guilin， Guangxi  541006）

Abstract The effects of organic fertilizer fermented by EM（effective microorganisms）on the growth，yield and quality of tomato plants were studied.The results showed that the application of organic fertilizer could promote the growth of stem diameter，but had no significant effect on plant height and leaf number.Compared with the traditional fermentation of organic fertilizer，the treatment of application of organic manure fermented by EM gained a more significant effect on fruit weigh，and the yield was significantly higher than treatment of application organic manure fermented by traditional methods.Compared with CK treatment， the contents of soluble sugar and vitamin C of the treatments applied organic fertilizer were significantly increased， while the contents of organic acids and nitrates were also decreased， significantly.Compared with treatment of application organic manure fermented by traditional methods，the treatment of application of organic manure fermented by EM gained a more significant effect on increasing the content of vitamin C and decreasing the content of nitrate in tomato.In conclusion，the tomato cultivation of application of organic manure fermented by EM，can promote the growth of tomatoes，tomato yield and improve the quality.

Key words Tomato;Effective microorganisms;Organic fertilizer;Growth;Yield;Quality

基金項目 桂林市科学研究与技术开发计划（20180103-3）。

作者简介 甘金佳（1987—），男，广西贵港人，助理研究员，硕士，从事经济植物栽培与育种研究。通信作者，研究员，从事经济植物栽培与育种研究。

收稿日期 2021-02-22

近年来我国番茄栽培面积不断扩大，但目前大多数番茄仍采用传统的栽培模式，化肥在提高番茄产量中具有十分重要的作用，但长期、连续和不合理地使用化肥，不但引发土壤板结、土壤酸化、次生盐渍化和养分不平衡，还会造成番茄中硝酸盐含量的积累，给人们身体带来危害[1]。增施有机肥可……