万丽

摘要由于乡村长期以来处于积贫积弱的状态，习近平总书记多次提倡教育精准扶贫。实现教育精准扶贫，乡村教师必定是先驱者，乡村教师的专业发展能力是加快实现我国乡村教育教学质量的持续提升和加快實现教育精准扶贫的关键。但长期以来，乡村教师的专业发展能力始终面临各种困境。针对我国乡村教育发展的困境，建议通过加强教师专业理念、专业知识、专业能力、心理素质等促进乡村教师专业发展。

关键词 乡村教师 教师专业发展

中图分类号：G451文献标识码：ADOI：10.16400/j.cnki.kjdk.2021.14.033

Difficulties and Countermeasures of Rural Teachers’ Professional Development

WAN Li

（School of Education， Tibet University， Lhasa， Tibet 850000）

AbstractBecause thevillage has been in a state of poverty and weakness foralongtime，general secretaryXi Jinping has advocated education for many times to help the poor. Rural teachers must be the pioneers in realizing the targeted poverty alleviation of education. The professional development ability of rural teachers is the key to accelerate the continuous improvement of the quality of rural education and the realization of targeted poverty alleviation. But for a long time， rural teachers’ professional development ability has always faced various difficulties. In view of the difficulties of rural education development in China， it is suggested to promote the professional development of rural teachers by strengthening the professional concept， professional knowledge， professional ability and psychological quality of teachers.

Keywordsrural teachers； teachers’ professional development

1问题的提出

随着《中共中央国务院关于全面深化新时代教师队伍建设改革的意见》（2018年1月20日）等文件的颁布，教师的专业发展愈来愈多地得到中国各界的高度重视，与我国乡村教师有关的教育研究也逐渐发展成为教育界高度关注和社会研究的一个热点，乡村教师专业发展也开始受到了教育学界的高度重视。

我国目前有各类专业教师1732万人，其中农村教师仍然是庞大的教师群体。我国现有数百万乡村教师、近百万特岗教师、几十万支教教师，他们坚守在最边远、最贫困、最艰苦的地方，为了确保按时完成脱贫攻坚的目标，全面建成小康社会，在教育扶贫的战线上付出了巨大的努力。党的十九大报告提出，“实施乡村振兴战略，坚决打赢脱贫攻坚战”。[1]这一历史任务已经在2020年圆满完成。但是，绝对贫困消除之后，相对贫困仍然是一个不容忽视的问题。阻止贫困的代际传播，根本靠教育，关键在于老师。……