摘    要：体育社会组织改革是我国体育治理体系和治理能力现代化过程中的一个重要组成部分，也是我國深化体育社会组织体制机制改革的难题。运用文献研究法、逻辑分析法，从“国家-社会”关系视角的家国情怀、官民关系、公私分界3个维度进行分析，认为我国体育社会组织改革主要面临的困境是：各级体育社会组织的作用是顶层强、基层弱，满足体育服务需求力有不及;各类体育社会组织的发展是官方体育社会组织稳定、草根体育社会组织弱小，体育社团建设无力兼顾;全国性单项体育协会推广运动项目侧重集中示范、忽视分散推进，引导运动项目发展力有不足。基于以上提出：弘扬家国情怀，引导我国各级体育社会组织以人民为中心进行改革;优化资源配置，从行政调拨到市场机制，深化我国基层体育社会组织改革;厘清公私界限，兼顾公益性和私益性，进一步促进我国社区体育社会组织改革。

关键词：中国体育社会组织;家国情怀;官民关系;公私分界;体育治理;体育社团;基层体育社会组织

中图分类号：G 80-053          学科代码：040301           文献标识码：A

Abstract：Sports social organization reform is an important part of sports governance system and governance capability modernization in China， as well as a difficult topic in deepening sports administrative system reform. By using the methods of literature review， historical analysis and so on， from the perspective of “state-society” relationship， the three dimensions of responsibility of family and country， official-civilian relations and public-private boundaries are analysed. It is believed that the main dilemma of China’s sports social organization reform is that the function of all levels of sports social organizations is strong at the top and weak at the grassroots， and their ability to meet the needs of sports services is not good enough. The development of all kinds of sports social organizations is that the official is stable， the grassroots weak， and the development of sports organizations too busy to supply. National individual sports associations attach importance to centralized demonstration and neglect scattered promotion of sports events， leading to inadequate development of sports events. Based on the above， this research promote the responsibility of family and country， take the people as the center， guide the reform of sports social organizations at all levels in China; optimize the allocation of resources， deepen the reform of China’s grassroots sports social organization from administrative logic to market logic; clarify the boundary between public and private， give consideration to both collective and individual interests， and further promote the reform of grassroots sports social organizations in China.

Keywords：Chinese sports social organizations; responsibility of family and country; official-civilian relations; public-private boundaries; sports governance; sports associations; grassroots sports social organizations

体育社会组织建设已列入《体育强国建设纲要》确定的九项重大工程之一，体育社会组织的发展有了新机遇。近年来，我国体育社会组织发展迅速，在2012—2017年之间数量规模由23 000个增长至48 000个，增幅达到1倍多[1]，并且类型在不断增多，对促进我国体育事业发展起到了不可替代的作用。新中国在不同历史时期对体育社会组织的治理方式因国家与社会互动程度的不同而各不相同[2]。……