“1+X”证书制度下高职国际贸易专业课程体系现状分析
2020-12-06张慧颖
[摘 要]“1+X”证书制度的核心就是人才培养模式改革,培养适应现行产业需求发展,具备核心职业能力的高素质技术技能人才。人才培养模式的改革是以课程体系的构建和调整为基础的。“1+X”证书制度下高职国际贸易专业课程体系的构建和调整要以集中性实践教学为中心,要加强校企深度合作,要开发实践性指导教材,提升教师实践指导能力。“1+X”证书制度的实质就是育训结合,以职业技能标准培训学生,增强学生的职业工作能力,拓展就业。
[关键词] 1+X;课程体系;实践教学;人才培养模式;职业能力
[中图分类号] F740.4 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 2095-3283(2020)10-0149-04
The Analysis of Curriculum System of International trade in Higher Vocational Education
under "1 + X" Certificate System
Zhang Huiying
(Tianjin College of Commerce, Tianjin 300350)
Abstract: The core of "1 + X" certificate system is the reform of the cultivation mode to cultivate high-quality technical and skilled talents with core professional ability who meet the development of current industrial demand. The reform of the cultivation mode is based on the construction and adjustment of curriculum system. Under the "1 + X" certificate system, the construction and adjustment of the curriculum system of international trade major in higher vocational education should focus on the centralized practical teaching, strengthen the in-depth cooperation between schools and enterprises, develop practical guidance materials and enhance teachers' practical guidance ability. The essence of "1 + X" certificate system is the combination of education and training, training students with vocational skills standards, enhancing students' vocational working ability, and expanding employment.
Key Words: "1 + X"; Curriculum System; Practical Teaching; Talent Cultivation Mode;Vocational Capacity
一、問题的提出
在2017年中央《关于教育体制机制改革的意见》中,强调全面深化改革,包括育人方式改革、办学模式改革、管理体制改革、保障机制改革;强调全面实施素质教育;强调全面落实立德树人根本任务。基于此,2018年召开全国教育大会,2019年出台《国家职业教育改革实施方案》。在《国家职业教育改革实施方案》中,强调促进产教融合,形成学校与企业深度合作的办学模式,强调双元(主体)育人落地;完善学历教育与培训并重的现代职业教育体系,建立校企双向流动机制,推动高等职业教育高质量发展。在《国家职业教育改革实施方案》中,推进5项改革,其中最重要的一项就是“1+X”证书制度。
“1+X”证书制度,“1”为学历证书,“X”为新型证书,鼓励学生在获得学历证书的同时,取得新型职业技能等级证书。“1+X”证书制度的实质是育训结合,以职业技能标准培训学生,增强学生的职业工作能力和创新创业能力。……
