急性胰腺炎后糖代谢紊乱的研究
2020-11-10王辉刘爱芬王晓鹏
王辉 刘爱芬 王晓鹏
摘要:急性胰腺炎(AP)是临床常见的急腹症,由于胰腺受损,胰岛细胞发生炎症反应而死亡,导致胰腺功能障碍,甚至功能丧失。而胰岛素分泌不足及胰岛素抵抗均会造成血糖代谢紊乱,影响患者的日常生活和身体健康。目前,多项研究显示胰岛素抵抗(IR)是AP后新发糖代谢紊乱的主要机制,其中AP后促炎细胞因子、脂质代谢与IR密切相关,且胰腺功能不全也可能是AP后糖代谢紊乱的因素。本文就AP后糖代谢紊乱的影响因素、AP与IR的关系、AP与胰腺功能不全的关系进行综述,以期为预防临床AP后新发糖代谢紊乱提供理论依据。
关键词:急性胰腺炎;糖代谢紊乱;血糖;糖尿病
中图分类号:R576 文献标识码:A DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2020.19.012
文章编号:1006-1959(2020)19-0038-03
Abstract:Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common clinical acute abdomen. Due to the damage of the pancreas, the islet cells die due to inflammation, leading to pancreatic dysfunction and even loss of function. Insufficient insulin secretion and insulin resistance can cause blood glucose metabolism disorders, affecting the daily life and health of patients. At present, many studies have shown that insulin resistance is the main mechanism of new glucose metabolism disorders after AP, and proinflammatory cytokines and lipid metabolism are closely related to IR, and pancreatic dysfunction may also be a factor of glucose metabolism disorder after AP. This article reviews the influencing factors of glucose metabolism disorders after AP and the relationship between AP and IR, in order to provide a theoretical basis for preventing new glucose metabolism disorders after clinical AP.
Key words:Acute pancreatitis;Glucose metabolism disorder;Blood sugar;Diabetes
急性胰腺炎(acute pancreatitis,AP)是常見消化系统疾病之一,主要特征是胰酶活性增强,胰腺局部产生大量炎症因子,血糖水平也显著升高。有报道指出[1],AP后多会发生代谢紊乱,尤其是AP后新发糖尿病前期或糖尿病发生率高达40%。徐诗钦等[2]研究显示,AP后患糖尿病风险增加2倍。以上研究均提示与正常人群比较,AP后患者发生糖代谢紊乱风险更高。但目前对AP后新发糖尿病潜在的机制、影响因素研究较少。随着临床不断的深入研究,近年来研究表明[3],AP后糖尿病机制可能比单纯因为胰腺坏死引起的胰岛机械性破坏更复杂。曹钰等[4]研究中提出,胰岛素抵抗(IR)是AP后新发糖尿病独立危险因素。IR是肥胖、糖尿病、代谢综合征等多种慢性代谢紊乱的基础,而其发生主要组织为脂肪组织、肝脏以及骨骼肌。……
