嘌呤配体P2X门控离子通道型受体7及其下游分子在痛风性关节炎中作用机制的研究进展
2020-10-21姜德友李文昊解颖任鹏鹏韩洁茹
姜德友 李文昊 解颖 任鹏鹏 韩洁茹
摘要 目前随着痛风性关节炎的发病率逐年上升,对该病炎性反应及疼痛机制的研究越来越多,该病主要由尿酸盐沉积及ATP刺激P2X7R、Nod样受体蛋白3、NEK7表达诱导炎性反应递质成熟与分泌所致,但具体机制尚不明确。现对P2X7R、NLRP3、NEK7的国内外研究进展进行综述,以探讨GA炎性反应及疼痛的发病机制,为防治GA提供新思路与治疗靶点。
关键词 痛风性关节炎;P2X7R;Nod样受体蛋白3;NEK7;IL-1β;疼痛;尿酸钠;信号通路
Progress in the Mechanism of Purinergic Receptor P2X, Ligand-gated Ion Channel 7 and its Downstream Molecules in Gouty Arthritis
JIANG Deyou,LI Wenhao,XIE Ying,REN Pengpeng,HAN Jieru
(Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Harbin 150040,China)
Abstract At present,with the increasing incidence of gouty arthritis year by year,more and more studies have been done on the inflammatory reaction and pain mechanism of gouty arthritis.Scholars believe that the disease is mainly caused by the deposition of uric acid and ATP stimulating the expression of P2X7R,NLRP3 and NEK7 to induce the maturation and secretion of inflammatory factors,but the specific mechanism is still unclear.Therefore,this paper reviewed the research progress of P2X7R,NLRP3 and NEK7 at home and abroad,in order to explore the pathogenesis of inflammation and pain in GA,and to provide new ideas and therapeutic targets for the prevention and treatment of GA.
Keywords Gouty arthritis; P2X7R; NLRP3; NEK7; IL-1β; Pain; Sodium urate; Signaling pathway
中图分类号:R242;R593 文献标识码:A doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-7202.2020.08.028
痛风性关节炎(Gouty Arthritis,GA)是一种由遗传、环境和生活方式因素混合导致的严重并潜在进展的急慢性代谢性疾病[1-2]。主要因嘌呤代谢障碍、血尿酸升高及尿酸盐沉积所致,以急慢性关节炎,关节剧烈疼痛,甚则关节畸形为主要临床表现。若未及时治疗,累及肾脏,可导致尿酸性肾石病,慢性间质性肾炎,急慢性肾衰竭以及尿毒症等严重后果[3]。全球流行病学调查表明,随着经济发展,人民生活水平的提高,GA的發病率及住院率逐年上升[4-6]。因此,国内外学者对GA炎性反应及疼痛发病机制的关注越来越多,由于其机制复杂,目前仍缺乏系统认识,现将GA主要的发病机制整理归纳如下,为防治GA提供新的思路及新的治疗靶点。
国内外研究表明在GA炎性反应中,尿酸钠(Sodium Urate,MSU)沉积和ATP刺激均起到关键作用[7]。其中MSU晶体主要通过激活Toll样受体(TLR)和Nod样受体蛋白3(Nod-like Receptor Protein 3,NLRP3)的炎性体信号,触发下游炎性反应递质,如IL-1β的成熟与分泌,导致急性GA[7-9]。ATP则通过与细胞膜上嘌呤配体……
