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乘用车尾门密封条防漏水设计方法

2020-10-21刘红波令峰超

汽车实用技术 2020年12期

刘红波 令峰超

摘 要:乘用车尾门密封条除了隔音、减震功能外,还有防止灰尘和雨水进入驾驶舱的作用。在汽车工程开发过程除了满足必须的性能要求外,还须满足物料成本、以及制造和装配工艺的需要。文章探讨了两项轿车尾门密封条设计防漏水设计方法,以及尾门漏水问题排查的一般方法;通过实例对密封面轮廓突变情况下的漏水问题进行了排查,并运用有限元仿真方法,对密封条截面进行了优化设计;为尾门密封结构工程设计和优化提供了行之有效的方法。

关键词:密封条;漏水;有限元分析;断面

Abstract: The weatherstrip seal of rear compartment is used to seal the gap between decklid and rear compartment against rain, dust, shock, and noise into the car. Due to the opening of the rear compartment is normally curved to meet the require -ment of surface styling, it is of a great challenge for design release engineer to trade off between satisfied sealing performance and simplified section structure with low cost. The research is mainly focused on a systemic method of sealing construction design and water insolation check for the deck compartment of a hatchback car, which is demonstrated by a real solution for a constant transverse section weatherstrip with reinforcement pipe locally to take consideration of big curvature change along the sealing profile.

Keywords: Weatherstrip; Water Isolation; FEA; Section

前言

两厢轿车(Hatchback Car,下称HB)尾门密封条的主要作用是防尘、防水、减震、隔声,对美观要求不高,在整个密封面轮廓线方向上,通常采用等截面设计,降低物料成本和装配难度[1,3,4]。在设计过程时,在考虑尾门关闭冲击、关门力的同时,防漏水功能是对尾门密封条系统最基本的要求。在防水功能方面,除了车身、尾门、密封条整个密封系统有的导水结构,由于制造和装配误差等原因,尾门与行李舱钣金间的密封条安装间隙无法做到完全一致,尤其是由于造型或者功能件(如后尾灯)的安装需要,在整个密封结构纵向方向轮廓线后发生空间上的曲率变化,在某些曲率变化急剧部位,合理的局部断面设计,对整个密封结构防漏水设计也极为重要。另外,非线性有限元分析方法通过多年的实践,日臻成熟,已经成为密封条断面优化设计的必备工具[2]。……

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