刘聪

摘   要：进入21世纪以来，许多国家将开展健康教育、提高公民健康素养、推行和倡导健康生活方式作为国家卫生保健战略的重要内容。为顺应时代发展，包括我国在内的许多国家的公共图书馆通过多种方式参与到健康教育行动中并起到了重要作用，健康服务成为公共图书馆服务创新的重要手段。文章分析和总结了国内外公共图书馆开展健康服务的实践，提出了广泛合作、按需培训、精准服务的公共图书馆健康服务发展框架。

关键词：公共图书馆;健康服务;社会责任;健康素养

中图分类号：G252   文献标识码：A   DOI：10.11968/tsyqb.1003-6938.2020067

Public Library Health Service Research

—— Analysis Based on Domestic and Foreign Health Service Practice

Abstract Since the 21st century， many countries have made health education， improving citizens' health literacy， promoting and advocating healthy lifestyle as important contents of national health care strategy. In order to adapt to the development of the times， public libraries in many countries， including our country， have participated in and played an important role in health education actions in many ways， and health services have become an important means of innovation of public library services. This paper analyzes and summarizes the practice of health services in public libraries at home and abroad， and puts forward a framework for the development of health services in public libraries with extensive cooperation， on-demand training and accurate service， in order to provide reference for the development of health services in public libraries in China.

Key words public library; health service;social responsibility

1   公共图书馆开展健康服务的背景

进入21世纪以来，全球老龄化形势日益严峻， 慢性病现患率与发病率持续攀升， 新发传染病流行等给全球公共卫生事业带来了严峻的挑战。研究表明，低健康素养与死亡风险增加、急诊室就诊和住院次数增加有关;除对个人影响之外，低健康素养还会对整个社会和整个医疗体系产生重大影响，据估计，美国经济每年为此付出的损失在106-2380亿美元之间[1]。各国政府将高新技术不断应用于医疗卫生事业，提高救治能力、改善公民健康状况的同时，越来越意识到健康教育是一种可行的公共健康干预措施，能够帮助人们获得健康生活必备的知识和技能，是提高全民健康水平最根本、最经济、最有效的措施之一。许多国家将开展健康教育、提高公民健康素养、推行和倡导健康生活方式作为国家卫生保健战略的重要内容。……