运动训练监控在实际训练中的改进
2020-09-09林德辉
林德辉

摘 要:研究表明多数队伍在训练中缺乏运动监控。传统运动监控指标呈现多层次、多因素的复杂情况,且当前训练监控指标操作复杂,多是根据教练员经验判断为主,这直接导致我国许多优秀运动员出现慢性运动损伤和训练效果不突出等现象。若以训练冲量为训练负荷监控指标更适应我国目前大多数专业队,只利用运动员训练中的平均心率与训练时间的乘积来表示训练负荷,运动时心率可以精确应答内部负荷,用一台电脑一条心率带即可完成测试。
关键词:训练监控 运动队 教练员 训练冲量
中图分类号:G804 文献标识码:A 文章编号:2095-2813(2020)07(b)-0239-03
Abstract: Studies show that most teams lack movement monitoring during training. The traditional sports monitoring indicators present a complex situation of multi-level and multi-factor, and the current training monitoring indicators are complex to operate, mostly based on the judgment of coaches'experience, this directly causes many excellent athletes in our country to appear the chronic sports injury and the training effect is not prominent and so on. If the training impulse is used as the monitoring index of training load, it is more suitable for most professional teams in our country at present, and the training load can be expressed only by the product of the average heart rate and training time during training, during exercise, the heart rate can accurately respond to the internal load, with a computer with a heart rate band can complete the test.
Key Words: Training monitoring; Sports team coaches; Trainer; Training impulse
1 運动训练负荷监控的必要性
通过檀志宗[1]和董皓铧[2]等人研究发现在优秀运动员中常出现运动性损伤,且多以非接触性损伤为主,这些原因均与缺乏运动监控有关。Borresen[3]指出在训练过程中对不同背景、遗传条件和健康状况运动员的训练负荷和代谢平衡进行监控和评估,确保能够了解每个运动员适应现阶段训练计划的情况,促进运动训练效果最大化和减少过度训练和运动损伤以及疾病的风险。Lambert提出对优秀运动员训练负荷特征进行总结,可以为其他运动员的个性化训练方案提供思路。因此,本文主要采用文献资料法、专家访谈法探究在实际训练中运动训练监控的执行情况,同时提出解决方案,以最大限度确保运动员在训练课中获得合理负荷;避免训练不足和预防过度训练从而达到最佳训练的效果并延长运动员运动寿命。……
