摘 要：[目的/意义]理清突发公共卫生事件网络舆情发酵机理，为政府部门和网络媒体针对性引控网络舆情及化解公共危机提供理论依据。[方法/过程]基于融知发酵理论，在解析突发公共卫生事件网络舆情发酵要素的基础上，分别从微观视角和宏观视角研究突发公共卫生事件网络舆情发酵要素作用机理和动态演化机理。[结果/结论]突发公共卫生事件网络舆情是发酵母体、发酵菌株、发酵酶和技术支撑、发酵环境等发酵要素在发酵吧中相互作用的结果，舆情发酵历经酝酿、爆发、整合阶段，最后走向衰退或变异，不同阶段呈现出明显的差异化特征。

关键词：网络舆情;发酵机理;突发公共卫生事件;融知发酵;机理

DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1008-0821.2020.09.003

〔中图分类号〕G206.2 〔文献标识码〕A 〔文章编号〕1008-0821（2020）09-0020-12

Research on the Fermentation Mechanism of Network

Public Opinion on Public Health Emergency

Zhang Meng1，2

（1.Business School，Shandong Normal University，Jinan 250014，China;

2.College of Sciences，University of Texas at San Antonio，San Antonio 78249，USA）

Abstract：[Purpose/Significance]By clarifying the fermentation mechanism of network public opinion involving in public health emergencies，the present paper aims to provide enlightenments to official agencies and online medias about how to guide the network public opinion and resolve the public crises effectively.[Method/Process]Based on knowledge fermentation theory，the fermentation elements of network public opinion on public health emergencies were first analyzed.Then the micro-fermentation mechanism and macro-fermentation mechanism of the network public opinion on public health emergencies were expounded，respectively.[Result/Conclusion]The fermentation of network public opinion on health emergency was developed with the interaction of fermentation elements which included fermentation bodies，fermentation strains，fermentation enzymes，technical support，fermentation environment，fermentation products in the fermentation bar.With the fermenting activities，the network public opinion incubated，burst out，integrated，and finally dispelled or mutated.

Key words：network public opinion;fermentation mechanism;public health emergency;knowledge fermentation;mechanism

2016年8月，習近平总书记在全国卫生与健康大会上指出：“没有全民健康，就没有全面小康”[1]，然而，近年来我国突发公共卫生事件屡屡产生，如H7N9禽流感事件、长春长生疫苗事件、新型冠状病毒疫情事件等，对公众的生命安全造成严重威胁，对国家经济发展造成严重冲击，成为全面建成小康社会的重大短板。同时，公共卫生事件涉及公众切身生命安全，公众对此类信息更为敏感、关注度更高;在公共卫生事件发生后，真假难辨的信息，极易经过互联网的传播形成持续发酵的网络舆情，占用公共资源，造成社会恐慌，冲击社会稳定。

高效引导突发公共卫生事件网络舆情，是塑造网络健康生态、平息公众恐慌的重要途径，也是完善社会主义现代化治理体系面临的重要课题。……