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无创通气治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征的效果分析

2020-09-02蔡木泾黄如坤麦校敬

中国实用医药 2020年22期
关键词:功能

蔡木泾 黄如坤 麦校敬

【摘要】 目的 觀察无创通气治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)合并睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(SAHS)患者的临床疗效。方法 40例慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者, 根据医院接诊时间先后分为观察组与对照组, 各20例。对照组采用异丙托溴铵气雾剂联合茶碱缓释片治疗, 观察组在对照组基础上采取无创通气治疗。比较两组患者治疗前后肺功能指标, 血气指标、肺动脉压指标。结果 治疗前, 两组患者用力肺活量(FVC)、第 1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、FEV1/FVC比较, 差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后, 观察组患者FVC、FEV1、FEV1/FVC优于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者动脉血氧饱和度(91.38±9.12)%、动脉血氧分压(81.35±4.62)mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)均高于对照组的(84.23±8.16)%、(76.47±5.31)mm Hg, 肺动脉收缩压(30.23±2.51)mm Hg、二氧化碳分压(39.74±3.56)mm Hg均低于对照组的(38.35±3.26)、(42.36±3.03)mm Hg, 差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 无创通气治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者, 可稳定患者心率、呼吸频率, 改善患者肺功能, 提升治疗效果, 值得临床实践。

【关键词】 睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征;慢性阻塞性肺疾病;无创通气

DOI:10.14163/j.cnki.11-5547/r.2020.22.010

Effect analysis of noninvasive ventilation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome   CAI Mu-jing, HUANG Ru-kun, MAI Xiao-jing. Shanwei Peoples Hospital, Shanwei 516600, China

【Abstract】 Objective   To observe the clinical efficacy of noninvasive ventilation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (SAHS). Methods   A total of 40 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome were divided into observation group and control group according to the hospital reception time, with 20 cases in each group. The control group was treated by ipratropium bromide aerosol combined with theophylline sustained release tablets, and the observation group was treated by noninvasive ventilation on the basis of the control group. The pulmonary function indexes, blood gas indexes and pulmonary arterial pressure indexes before and after treatment were compared between the two groups. Results   Before treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) and FEV1/FVC between the two groups (P>0.05). After treatment, FVC, FEV1 and FEV1/FVC of the observation group was better than those of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The arterial oxygen saturation (91.38±9.12)%, pulmonary artery systolic blood pressure (81.35±4.62) mm Hg (1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)

of the observation group were higher than those of the control group (84.23±8.16)%, (76.47±5.31) mm Hg, and pulmonary artery systolic pressure (30.23±2.51) mm Hg, partial pressure of carbon dioxide (39.74±

3.56) mm Hg were lower than those of the control group (38.35±3.26), (42.36±3.03) mm Hg, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion   Noninvasive ventilation can stabilize the heart rate and respiratory frequency of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome, improve the pulmonary function and the efficiency of treatment. It is worth clinical practice.

【Key words】 Sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Noninvasive ventilation

慢性阻塞性肺疾病的特征为持续气流受限, 睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征是由不同因素导致睡眠状态下出现反复的低通气, 引发睡眠结构紊乱, 造成间歇性低氧血症, 进而改变生理、病理结构。慢性阻塞性肺疾病与睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征同时存在时会起到相互作用, 危害患者机体, 增加患者死亡风险[1]。慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者出现高碳酸血症及低氧血症时会直接影响睡眠情况, 若夜间睡眠时通气不足, 会增加功能残气量, 加重缺氧情况, 会降低血氧, 增加上气道阻力, 需通过合理的治疗方式改善患者病情, 保证患者睡眠质量[2]。本文围绕无创通气治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者的疗效进行分析, 研究内容报告如下。

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