吴廷娟 李春阳 许志平 凌开 叶健夫 刘俊贤

【摘要】 目的：探讨双相障碍（BD）患者感知病耻感情况，分析感知病耻感与社会支持的相关性。方法：采用自编问卷收集362例BD患者的社会人口学资料及临床特征资料，运用Link贬低-歧视感知量表（perceived devaluation discrimination，PDD）评估患者感知病耻感程度，使用社会支持评定量表评定患者社会支持情况，比较不同社会人口学或临床特征患者的PDD评分，探索感知病耻感与社会支持的相关性。结果：362例BD患者PDD评分为（2.89±0.34）分，社会支持评定量表评分为（32.82±7.41）分;女性、未婚、高文化程度、低龄、居住于城镇和城市、起病年龄早、病程短及首发临床相为抑郁相的BD患者PDD评分更高;社会支持评定量表总分、主观支持评分及对社会支持的利用度评分与PDD评分均呈负相关。结论：BD患者普遍存在高病耻感和低社会支持情况，除了给予科学有效的治疗外，还需要来自社会的关心、支持、鼓励和包容。

【关键词】 双相障碍 病耻感 社会支持

doi：10.14033/j.cnki.cfmr.2020.20.003 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1674-6805（2020）20-000-04

Correlation between Perceived Stigma and Social Support in Patients with Bipolar Disorder/WU Tingjuan， LI Chunyang， XU Zhiping， LING Kai， YE Jianfu， LIU Junxian. //Chinese and Foreign Medical Research， 2020， 18（20）： -11

[Abstract] Objective： To explore the perceived stigma in patients with bipolar disorder （BD） and analyze the correlation between perceived stigma and social support. Method： The data of sociodemographic and clinical features of 362 patients with BD were investigated with a self-designed questionnaire， and the degree of perceived stigma was evaluated by perceived devaluation discrimination （PDD） scale， and the social support condition of patients was evaluated by social support scale. The scores of PDD of patients with different sociodemographic and clinical features were compared to explore the correlation between perceived stigma and social support. Result： The score of PDD of 362 BD patients was （2.89±0.34） points， and score of social support scale was （32.82±7.41） points. Those who were female， unmarried， highly educated， younger， living in towns and cities， with earlier onset， with shorter course of disease and with first onset of depression had higher scores of PDD. The total scores of social support scale， subjective support scores and utilization of social support scores were negatively correlated with the score of PDD. Conclusion： BD patients generally have high perceived stigma and low social support. In addition to scientific and effective treatment， they also need more social care， support， encouragement and inclusion.

[Key words] Bipolar disorder Stigma Social support

First-authors address： Shunde Wuzhongpei Memorial Hospital， Foshan City， Foshan 528300， China

病耻感是指患者患有疾病而受到社会歧视或不公平待遇而产生的一种内心消极体验，在精神疾病患者中普遍存在[1]。精神疾病的病耻感可分为两类，一是“感知病耻感”，也称“内在病耻感”或“自我病耻感”，指精神疾病患者在歧视环境中认同社会对其固定的偏见印象，转而内化为指向自身的主觀偏见和负性的认知体验;二是“实际病耻感”，也称“社会病耻感”，是精神疾病患者所经历的社会偏见和歧视事件[2]。国外关于精神疾病病耻感的研究覆盖面很广，而国内目前主要是集中于精神分裂症和抑郁症等疾病方面。……