我国梨园发现苏嘎梨喀木虱为害
2020-08-25王锦刘奇志
王锦 刘奇志



摘要 2019年4月底,在北京、甘肃、湖北、辽宁等地一些梨园陆续发现梨树叶片异常被害状,经调查发现造成该为害状的害虫为一种未知梨木虱,在国内尚未见报道。本文简要描述了此种梨木虱的形态识别特征,测定了该害虫的16S rDNA和COⅠ
基因片段序列,依据测序结果及形態特征,鉴定为苏嘎梨喀木虱Cacopsylla pyrisuga,为国内新记录种。本文还描述了该害虫的为害状、为害程度、药剂防治效果,为深入研究其发生规律和防治技术提供参考。
关键词 苏嘎梨喀木虱; 为害状; 防治效果; 分子鉴定
中图分类号: S 436.612.29
文献标识码: B
DOI: 10.16688/j.zwbh.2019270
Damage of Cacopsylla pyrisuga in pear orchards in China
WANG Jin, LIU Qizhi*
(College of Plant Protection, Laboratory of Entomology and Nematology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China)
Abstract
At the end of April 2019, pear leaves in some orchards in Beijing, Gansu, Hubei and Liaoning provinces showed abnormal damaged symptoms. It was found that there was an unknown pear psyllid, which has not been reported in China. This paper briefly described the morphological identification characteristics of this pear psyllid. According to the 16S rDNA and COⅠ gene sequences and morphological characteristics, the psyllid was identified as Cacopsylla pyrisuga, a newly recorded species in China. This paper also described the damage characteristics, degree of hazard and chemical control effect, which could provide the reference for further study of its appearance dynamics and prevention and control technology.
Key words
Cacopsylla pyrisuga; damaged symptom; control effect; molecular identification
2012年-2017年对全国主要梨产区的梨木虱种类调查发现,我国栽培梨园的梨木虱种类主要是中国梨喀木虱 Cacopsylla chinensis Yang & Li,仅有贵州贵阳和湖北襄阳地区除了有中国梨喀木虱还有黔梨木虱C.qianli Yang & Li[1]。
2019年4月底,在我国甘肃、湖北、辽宁等地梨园出现梨树叶片被害状异常现象,北京海淀、房山、大兴、密云区各大梨园也都陆续发现相同现象。为此,本岗位(生物防治与综合防控岗位)团队成员以北京市林业果树研究院梨品种资源示范基地和房山三仁生产梨园为重点,观察了梨树叶片的被害状特征,初步确认了引起叶片症状的害虫为一种未知梨木虱,调查了叶片的受害程度,采集了该未知梨木虱带回实验室,解剖镜下观察和记录了各虫态的形态特征,测定了16S rDNA和COⅠ基因片段序列,确定了该梨木虱为国内新记录种,随后进行了药剂防治初探,结果报道如下。
1 材料与方法
1.1 样品采集……p>
