冯爱卿　陈深　汪聪颖　陈凯玲　封金奇　杨健源　曾列先　朱小源

摘要 为科学合理选用防治白叶枯病的杀菌剂，本研究采用田间人工剪叶接种方法，开展了7种杀菌剂对白叶枯病防效评价。测试的杀菌剂对白叶枯病的田间防效和病斑抑制率均差异显著，其中20%噻唑锌SC防效最好，其次是20%噻菌铜SC，其他药剂防效和病斑抑制效果均较差。20%噻唑锌SC 450.00 mL/hm2喷施2次处理的防效达62.84%、病斑抑制率为73.11%;20%噻菌铜SC 450.00 mL/hm2防效为43.15%，病斑抑制率为54.84%。高效药剂的合理选用对提高病害防效具有显著作用。20%噻唑锌SC和20%噻菌铜SC是目前防治白叶枯病的较好药剂，建议轮换使用。

关键词 水稻; 白叶枯病; 杀菌剂; 防效

中图分类号： S 435.111.47

文献标识码： A

DOI： 10.16688/j.zwbh.2019239

Evaluation on the control efficacy of seven fungicides against

rice bacterial blight

FENG Aiqing， CHEN Shen， WANG Congying， CHEN Kailing， FENG Jinqi，

YANG Jianyuan， ZENG Liexian， ZHU Xiaoyuan*

（Plant Protection Research Institute， Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Guangdong Provincial Key

Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection， Guangzhou 510640， China）

Abstract

To scientifically and rationally select fungicides for the control of rice bacterial blight caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae， the control effect of 7 fungicides was evaluated. The result showed that there were significant differences in field control efficacy and lesion inhibition rate， among which zinc thiazole 20% SC was the best， followed by thiodiazole-copper 20% SC， while other fungicides showed poor efficacy and lesion inhibition rate. The control efficacy and lesion inhibition rate of spraying zinc thiazole 20% SC at 450.00 mL/hm2 twice were 62.84% and 73.11%， respectively， while those of thiodiazole-copper 20% SC at 450.00 mL/hm2were 43.15% and 54.84%， respectively. Among the tested fungicides， Zinc thiazole 20% SC and thiodiazole-copper 20% SC are the best and can be recommended to be used alternatively in rice bacterial blight control.

Key words

rice; rice bacterial blight; fungicide; control effect

白叶枯病最早于1884年在日本发现，1950年首次在我国南京郊区被发现，是目前危害亚洲稻区和我国水稻安全生产最重要、最普遍的细菌性病害。该病害由水稻黄单胞杆菌中的致病变种Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae（简称Xoo）侵染引起。水稻整个生育期、各个器官均可感染，病症在不同情况下可表现为叶缘（枯）型、急性型、凋萎型、中脉型、黄化型等多种。发病田块一般减产10%～30%，严重的减产50%以上，甚至颗粒无收[1]。近年由于台风暴雨频繁、菌源累积、感病品种的种植和病菌的高度变异性，该病害在华南沿海、长江流域稻区又有明显上升流行的趋势。

白叶枯病具有病菌来源广，传播途径多，增殖速度快、危害程度严重等特点，一旦显症，常规方法已较难防治。当今，我国控制该病害的主要措施是利用抗病品种和施用化学农药。……